经验与幻想——再论沈从文早期都市书写中的自我呈现

Experience and illusion——on Shen Congwen's self-presentation in his early writings on urban lives

沈从文1924—1928年间的大量城市题材作品,以第一或第三人称叙述人称视角呈现出现代主体被物质生存和爱欲双重压抑的内心经验,以内化的社会阶级眼光观看情感欲望,聚焦在由爱欲驱动的主体经验的心理描写,呈现出现代主体与都市的微妙关系。现代生活对主体经验的影响不仅体现在外在的物质生存的压力上,也体现在对主体生理爱欲需求的压抑上,这双重困扰源于社会身份的认同。社会阶级身份的差异在现代主体的心理层面产生扩大化的影响,让沈从文选择用幻想的力量表达现代主体的都市经验。

Shen Congwen wrote,in the first or third narrative person,a large number of works concerning urban lives,which reflect the a modern subject＇s double pressure of physical survival and Eros.Focusing on the narration of the protagonist driven by Eros,the works show the subtle relationship between modern subjects and cities.The effect on the subjects＇ experience by modern urban lives is reflected not only on the pressure of material well-being life,but also the demand of Eros,both of which come from the social identification.The difference of the social identification influences greatly on the modern subjects,which makes Shen Congwen choose the power of illusion to express this.