山茶籽茶麸醇提物对去卵巢阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆和脑源性神经营养因子的影响

Effect of camellia tea bran alcohol extract on learning and memory and brain-derived neurotrophic factor of ovariectomized rats with Alzheimer disease

目的观察山茶籽茶麸醇提物对去卵巢阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer'sDisease,AD)大鼠学习记忆、脑源性神经营养因子(Brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BNTF)的影响,为临床应用山茶籽茶麸醇提物防治雌激素缺乏女性AD提供实验依据。方法 5个月龄健康雌性大鼠96只,分成对照组、AD模型组、山茶籽+AD模型组、雌二醇(E2)+AD模型组,每组24只。山茶籽+AD模型组用药:山茶籽醇提取物的水溶灌胃,10ml·kg-1·d-1;E2+AD模型组用药:E2+AD模型组,皮下注射E2200μg/kg,2次/周。正常对照组和去卵巢AD模型组与给山茶籽用药组等体积生理盐水灌胃,10ml·kg-1·d-1。各实验组第4、8、12周分别取8只大鼠,称重后进行水迷宫实验,再麻醉大鼠取左心血5ml,处死取大脑。免疫组织化学染色的大脑组织切片用显微镜观察;右侧大脑用低温匀浆提取液BNTF分析。结果 AD模型组经水迷宫实验证明其学习记忆能力明显下降(P<0.01),脑组织海马CA1免疫组化染色BNTF阳性细胞计数明显减少,脑组织BNTF电泳带光密度值明显变小(P<0.01),山茶籽+AD模型组和E2+AD模型组的学习记忆能力明显提高(P<0.01),脑组织海马CA1免疫组化染色BNTF阳性细胞计数明显增加(P<0.01),脑组织BNTF电泳带光密度值明显增大(P<0.01)。结论山茶籽茶麸醇提物有雌激素样作用,可以增加AD模型大鼠脑组织BNTF含量,提高其学习记忆能力,对去卵巢AD模型大鼠有防治作用。

Objective To observe the effect of camellia tea bran alcohol extract on learning and memory and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BNTF） of ovariectomized rats with Alzheimer disease （ AD）, provide an experimental basis for preventing and treating AD women with estrogen deficiency by camellia tea bran alcohol extract. Methods Ninety-six 5-month-old healthy female rats were divided into control group, AD model group, camellia seed＋AD model group, estradiol＋AD model group, 24 rats in each group. The rats in camellia seed＋AD model group were treated by intragastric administration of camellia tea bran alcohol extract, 10 ml · kg^-· d^-1 ; the rats in estradiol ＋AD model group were treated by subcutaneous injection of estradiol, 200 μg/kg, twice a week; the rats in control group and AD model group were treated by intragastric administration of normal saline of the same dose as camellia seed＋AD model group, 10 ml · kg^-1· d^-1. Eight rats were selected on the fourth, eighth, and twelfth weeks in each experimental groups, water maze test was conducted after weighing, then the rats were anesthetized, 5 ml left heart blood was obtained, brain was obtained after putting the rats to death. Microscope was used to observe brain tissue sections after immunohistochemical staining; and BNTF in low temperature homogenate extracting solution of the right side of the brain was analyzed. Results Water maze test showed that learning and memory ability of the rats in AD model group decreased significantly （P〈0. 01 ）, the count of hippocampal BNTF positive cells after CA1 immunohistochemical staining decreased significantly, electrophoresis band optical density value of brain BNTF decreased significantly （P〈0.01） ; learning and memory capacity of rats in camellia seed＋AD model group and estradiol＋AD model group increased significantly （P〈0. 01 ）, the count of hippocampal BNTF positive cells after CA1 immunohistochemical staining increased significantly （ P〈0. 01 ）, electrophoresis band optical density value of brain BNTF increased significantly （P〈0. 01） . Conclusion Camellia tea bran alcohol extract has estrogenic activity, which can increase brain tissue BNTF content of AD model rats, improve learning and memory ability, and play a role in prevention and treatment of ovariectomized AD rats.