关于减小油耗的飞机总体方案优化设计研究

Optimization Design of an Airplane General Scheme on the Reduction of Fuel Consumption

油耗是衡量飞机经济性的最重要指标之一。根据Breguet航程公式分析降低飞机油耗的主要途径,并以某飞机的总体方案设计为工程背景,在总体布局变动不大的前提下,有针对性地研究巡航速度、巡航高度、机翼展弦比对飞机轮挡油耗与最大起飞重量的影响;根据研究结果对基本方案进行总体布局优化与方案衍变,分析方案衍变中轮挡油耗、使用空重以及最大起飞重量的变化情况。结果表明:在相同设计航程内,优化方案的轮挡油耗降低3.92%,最大起飞重量减少100kg。

Fuel consumption is one of the most important parameters in judging the economical efficiency of airplanes.Based on the Breguet range equation,main ways to reduce the fuel consumption of airplane are discussed.Under the background of conceptual design of an airplane,influence studies of cruise speed,cruise altitude and aspect ratio of wing on the block fuel and the maximum take-off weight（MTOW）are carried out on the premise of little change in the general layout.According to the research results,general layout optimization and certain developments are applied to the initial design,and the changes of block fuel,operational empty weight（OEW）and MTOW are analyzed during the developments.The results indicate that the optimization design brings a 3.92% decrease in the block fuel and a 100 kg reduction in MTOW during the same design range.