茎中可溶性色素水平法鉴评大豆资源对菌核病的部分抗性

Soluble Pigment Level in Stems Determining Partly-Resistance to White Mold in Soybean

为了快速、准确地筛选大豆耐菌核病候选资源,采用茎中可溶性色素水平测定法,评价了150份部分核心种质和国外种质及100份近15年东北育成品种的菌核病耐病性,并通过草酸浸根产生的植株萎蔫反应,验证了鉴定结果的准确性;同时,分析了花色(茎色)、叶形、生育期与耐病性的相关性。聚类分析将资源耐病性分为5个级别,分别是高耐(3.20%)、耐(7.60%)、中感(21.60%)、感病(46.00%)和高感(21.60%),并筛选出27份高耐病和耐病的候选资源,其中种质材料中具有相对较多的耐病性资源。草酸浸根植株萎蔫反应与茎中可溶性色素评价结果相符。耐病强度与农艺性状相关分析表明:叶形和生育期与耐病性不相关,但花色(茎色)与耐病性显著相关。可见,在反映草酸致病机制方面,茎中可溶性色素水平测定法能够进行大豆资源菌核病耐病性鉴定和评价;在遗传多态性丰富的大豆资源中可能会筛选到更多的耐菌核病的资源,可能多以紫花为主。

In order to rapidly and conveniently screen reliable tolerance soybean germplasm,soluble pigment in stems was detected to identify the 150 soybean germplasm and 100 soybean varieties which were bred in recently 15 years. And the results were tested by wilting after plant root invaded with oxalic acid. In addition,the relativity between the leaf shape,flower color,growth days and tolerance intensity to white mold in soybean were analyzed. The identified soybean germplasm were divided into five grades by clustering analysis,including high tolerance（ 3. 20%）,tolerance（ 7. 60%）,middle susceptible（ 21. 60%）,susceptible（ 46%） and high susceptible（ 21. 60%）. Twenty-seven soybean germplasm were high tolerant or tolerant grades.Moreover,The result after oxalic acid invading plant root showed that the wilting intensity was corresponded with the soluble pigment level in stems. Relative analysis between tolerance intensity and agronomic trait showed,leaf shape and flower color（ stem color） were not relative with tolerance intensity,otherwise,flower color（ stem color） was significantly relative to tolerance intensity. Above all,the identification method of soluble pigment level in stems can well reflect oxalic acid,soybean germplasm with highly polymorphic has more potential to be tolerance to white mold in soybean,especially with purple flower.