禽流感病毒的传播及流行进化特点

Research Progress in Molecular Biology on Transmission and Prevalence of Avian Influenza Virus

禽流感病毒,尤其是高致病性禽流感病毒是一种可以引起人兽共患病的病原,由其引发的禽流感疫情不仅给养禽业带来了严重打击,而且也给人类健康和生命安全带来了严重威胁。尽管目前还未发生人际传播,但该病毒一旦与人流感病毒重组,将会转变为可人间传播的高致死性流感病毒,从而导致新的流感大流行。文章综述了近年来禽流感病毒的传播机制、血凝素和聚合酶与禽流感病毒跨宿主传播的关系、禽流感病毒的流行与进化特点等国内外研究成果,为禽流感的科学防控提供技术依据。

Avian influenza virus （AIV）,especially the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, is a causative agent of zoonotic disease. The outbreaks of AIV have devastated the poultry industry worldwide and also brought a serious threat to public health. Although the virus shows little ability of transmission between humans, a process of genetic reassortment could occur in a human co-infected with avian influenza A virus and a human strain of influenza A virus. In this paper, the domestic and foreign research results on the transmission mechanism of avian influenza virus, the relationship between avian influenza virus hemagglutinin and polymerase and inter host transmission, prevalence and evolution characteristics of avian influenza virus,the technical basis for scientific prevention and control of avian influenza was provided.