我国公民器官捐献的态度及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Attitudes towards Organ Donation and Influencing Factors among Chinese Public

目的 了解我国公民对器官捐献的态度及影响因素。方法 检索中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、中国知网（CNKI）、维普资讯、万方数据库中关于器官捐献态度及影响因素的相关文献,对检索收集的文献进行分析讨论。结果 本次研究共纳入12篇文献,在校学生同意器官捐献的在10.8%～60.64%之间,在校学生既不支持也不否定的在18.79%～66.9%之间,社会人群处于不确定或考虑状态的占41.67%～50.00%,50.1%～54.1%的住院患者同意器官捐献,医院工作人员中有75.0%的人同意人体活体器官捐献。影响我国器官捐献的主要因素包括,传统文化观念、家庭相关因素、器官捐献相关知识不全、器官捐献程序繁琐、高昂的手术费用、法律法规不健全、不理解脑死亡、利他行为主义等。结论 总结分析我国公民对器官捐献的态度及影响我国公民器官捐献的相关因素,以利于国家有关部门和社会相关组织采取针对性的干预措施,提高我国公民器官捐献率,促进我国器官捐献工作的发展。

Objective ：To comprehend the citizen＇s attitudes towards organ donation and the influencing factors in our country. Methods： The studies on CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP regarding public attitudes towards organ donation and the influencing factors were searched and analyzed. Results： Twelve articles were included in this study, school students who agreed to organ donation ranged from 10.8% to 60.64%, who neither support nor deny ranged from 18.79% to 66.9%, social groups with uncertainty or considering ranged from 41.67% to 50.00%, hospitalized patients who agreed to organ donation ranged from 50.1% ~ 54.1%, and 75.0% of the hospital staff agreed to human living organ donation. The main factors influencing the organ donation in China included the Chi- nese traditional cultural idea, family - related factors, incomplete knowledge of organ donation, the tedious organ donation progress, high operation cost, imperfect organ donation laws and regulations, incomprehension of brain death, altruistic behavior, and etc. Conclusions： It should summarize and analyze Chinese public attitudes to- wards organ donation and the influential factors, leading the relevant department and social organization to take effective intervention measures to improve public organ donation rates, and promote the development of organ donation in China.