等速离心训练对膝关节肌肉力量的影响

Research of Isokinetic Eccentric Exercise to the Muscle Strength

目的:分析等速离心训练对膝关节肌肉力量的影响。方法:11名健康大学生为受试对象。利用Biodex system-Ⅳ等速测试训练仪对受试者优势侧膝关节进行4周等速离心训练。训练方案为角速度60°/s、120°/s、180°/s三组,每个角速度下训练者做最大收缩5次,每组间隔休息30秒,2次/周。结果:受试者进行4周的离心训练,峰力矩(PK)在以60°/s、120°/s的角速度测试中有非常显著性变化(P<0.01),在以180°/s的角速度测试中有显著性变化(P<0.05)。总功(TW)在以60°/s、120°/s、180°/s角速度进行CON时,膝关节屈、伸肌的总功有非常显著性变化(P<0.01);以60°/s的角速度进行ECC测试时,屈、伸肌的总功呈现非常显著性变化(P<0.01),以120°/s、180°/s的角速度进行ECC测试时实验前后伸肌有非常显著性变化(P<0.01),而屈肌出现显著性变化(P<0.05)。屈伸肌力矩比值(H/Q)在以60°/s、120°/s、180°/s角速度进行CON时,出现显著性变化(P<0.05),以60°/s、120°/s的角速度进行ECC测试时,H/Q值有非常显著性变化(P<0.01),以180°/s的角速度进行ECC测试出现显著性变化(P<0.05)。结论:4周的等速离心训练对提高膝关节屈伸肌群肌肉力量以及屈伸肌力矩比值有显著性的作用,表明离心训练是一种行之有效的力量训练,并可有效地降低下肢运动损伤的发生。此研究结果为运动训练和体能康复训练提供重要的理论依据。

Object： Analy sis ofthe effects of exercise m eans on knee muscle strength.Method： Eleven healthy college students were tested as subjects with the Biodex system-Ⅳ isokinetic testing instrument training subject dominant side of the knee for four weeks isokinetic eccentric training. Training programs for the angular velocity of 60° /s, 120° /s, 180° /s, each angular velocity at maximal contraction needs trainers to do five times, each interval of rest for 30 seconds, 2 times/week.Results： Centrifugal four weeks of training subjects, when peak torque（PK） are 60°/s、120°/s angular velocity tests, there is a very significant change（P〈0.01）. In 180°/s angular velocity test, there was significant variation（P〈0.05）. When Total Work（TW） are 60°/s, 120°/s, 180°/s angular velocity in CON, knee flexor and extensor total work has a very significant change（P〈0.01）; with 60°/s ECC in the angular velocity test, flexor and extensor total work presents a very significant change（P〈0.01）, the 120°/s,180°/s angular velocity ECC test before and after the experiment extensor have a very significant change（P〈0.01）, but flexor appearssignificant change（P〈0.05）.Flexors and extensors muscular torque ratio（H/Q） in 60°/s,120°/s, 180°/s angular velocity CON, present significant changes（P〈0.05）. In 60°/s, 120°/s angular velocity in ECC test, H/Q values are very significant change（P〈0.01）, and in 180°/s angular velocity ECC test, significant changes（P〈0.05） is presented.Conclusion：4 weeks isokinetic eccentric training to increase knee flexion and extension muscle strength and torque ratio have significant influence, suggesting that eccentric training is an effective strength training, and can effectively reduce the incidence of lower extremity sports injuries.The results of this study provide important theoretical basis for sports training and physical rehabilitation.