基于组合赋权和灰色聚类的一级公路平交口安全评价

A Safety Evaluation Method for the First-grade Highway Intersections Using Combined Weighting and Gray Clustering

公路平面交叉口是公路网交通流的重要转换节点,同时也是交通事故多发的"黑点",及时掌握交叉口的安全状况对预防交通事故,减少交通伤害十分必要。通过对平交口安全影响因素梳理,提出基于道路和环境特性的公路平交口安全评价指标体系,并给出了各指标的模型表达式。利用熵理论和序关系分析方法,组合赋权确定了各指标权重;运用灰色聚类评估方法,对指标体系进行聚类分析,根据灰类将交叉口安全水平划分为5个等级(A-E级)。结合公路平面交叉口的实际调查数据进行实例应用,并与传统的主观评价方法进行对比,结果表明,基于综合赋权灰色聚类评价的交叉口安全等级与传统评价方法有较好的一致性,能反映其实际安全状况。

Highway intersections are the important transform nodes of traffic flow,as well as the ＂black spots＂ of traffic acci- dents. In order to prevent traffic accidents and reducing traffic injuries,it is necessary to grasp the safety status of intersections timely. After a review of the influence factors on intersection safety, the traffic safety evaluation index system based on roads and environment was proposed. The model for quantifying each index was also described. The combination of entropy weight and order relation analysis weight was used to determine the weight of each index. Then a gray cluster evaluation method was proposed,and the safety performance level of highway intersections was classified into five levels from A to E. At last,the evaluation method u- sing combined weighting and gray clustering was tested based on the survey data of some actual intersections, and was compared with the expert scoring method. The experimental results show that the calculated safety performance levels for the intersections are well consistent with what is observed in reality.