高等教育毛入学率及其性别差异与经济发展程度关系的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of the Relationship Between Gross Enrollment Rate in Higher Education, Gender Equality Difference and Economy Development

高等教育毛入学率是衡量一个国家高等教育发展水平的最基本的指标,性别平等指数是衡量男女接受高等教育机会差异的重要指标。基于对有数据的137个国家的分析发现,不同国家的毛入学率存在较大差异,且毛入学率与经济发展程度呈显著性正相关;世界各国普遍存在高等教育毛入学率性别不平等的情况,不同国家的性别平等指数存在较大差异,且性别平等指数与经济发展程度也呈显著性正相关;中国高等教育的毛入学率处于世界中等偏下水平,性别平等指数与标准常模1相差较小,且越来越呈现出女生高等教育毛入学率大于男生的趋势。

Gross enrollment rate is a basic education indicator to show a country＇s higher education development. The gender equality index is a measure of an important indicator of higher education opportunities for women and men. Based on the data analysis of 137 countries, it is found that there is a big difference in the gross enrollment rate in different countries; the gross enrollment rate and the per capita GNP have a significant positive correlation; the gender inequality prevails the higher education gross enrollment rate; the gender equality indexs in different countries are quite different, and the gender equality index and per capita gross national product also show a significant positive correlation; the gross enrollment rate in higher education in China is below the world＇s medium level; there is a smaller difference between the gender equality index and the standard norm, and there is an increasing trend showing a gross enrollment rate of more girls than boys.