中国欠发达省际边缘区公路网时空变化特征及原因分析——以皖北地区为例

The Characteristics and Causes of Temporal and Spatial Variations of Road Network of Chinese Underdeveloped Provincial Border-Regions:A Case Study of Northern Anhui Area

选取中国典型的欠发达省际边缘区皖北地区为案例地,对其2004—2013年10年间公路里程、公路网连通度、公路网密度及变化比例、公路网客货运量等指标的时空变化特征进行了综合研究。结果发现:从时间上看,客货运规模的变化,显示皖北地区公路运输在区域交通中占据绝对重要的地位,说明区域综合交通发展缓慢;根据公路网的密度变化,发现十年来一直高于安徽省平均水平,但是三级、四级和等外公路占比超过90%,说明道路等级体系低;截止到2013年皖北地区还有部分县没有通高速和国道,说明其公路网连通性差;从空间上看,皖北地区内部传统农区"两州一阜"地区公路增长速度快于煤炭产区淮南淮北和工业基础较好的蚌埠"两淮一蚌"地区,说明公路网内部分异明显。最后,从自然条件、区位特征、人口和经济因素以及政策等方面对皖北地区公路网变化的原因进行了深度分析。

By selecting North Anhui area, a typical underdeveloped provincial border-region of China as a case study, this paper comprehensively analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of road mileage, road network connectivity, road network density, variations ratio and road passenger and freight traffic from 2004 to 2013. From the time scale, according to the variation of passenger and freight traffic, road transportation was found to have a definitely important position in regional traffic but North Anhui moved at a relatively slow pace forward in its traffic development;according to the variations of road network density, North Anhui was found its network density was higher than the average level of Anhui province over the decade, however third- class, fourth- class and substandard road accounted for more than 90% which indicated a low-level road system. By the end of 2013, some counties in Northern Anhui still didn＇t own expressway or national highway that showed its poor road network connectivity. From the space scale, the road network was found to be significantly spatially differentiated and the growth rate of Bozhou, Suzhou and Fuyang was growing obviously faster than Huaibei, Huainan and Bengbu. The reason of the road network＇s variations was in-depth discussed from aspects of natural condition, location characteristic, population, economic factors and policy.