烟台地方黄瓜种质资源植物学鉴定及聚类分析

Botanical Identification and Clustering Analysis of Local Cucumber Resources of Yantai

以收集的58份烟台地方黄瓜资源为试材,进行植物学特征特性鉴定和聚类分析,并将烟台地方黄瓜种质资源进行分类,为利用其进行杂种优势的预测和亲本的选配提供理论依据。结果表明:叶长、单瓜重、瓜皮颜色等17个性状表现出了不同程度的多样性,其中瓜横径的变异系数最小为9.15,瓜刺颜色变异系数最大为77.22。采用离差平方和法进行聚类分析后,在阈值为4.67时,分为三大类,第一类是瓜皮颜色为白色的华南型黄瓜,共16份种质资源;第二类是瓜皮颜色为黄绿色的华南型黄瓜,共18份种质资源;第三类为华北类型黄瓜,共24份种质资源。烟台地方黄瓜种质资源主要表现为华南型黄瓜和华北型黄瓜两大类群,与传统的根据地理分布相吻合,其表型性状的变异程度较高,说明烟台地方黄瓜种质资源遗传多样性丰富。

Identified botany characteristics of the 58 Yantai local cucumber germplasm resources,using cluster analysis to classified,in order to theoretical prediction and provide a theoretical basis for the choice of parents.The coefficient of variation of fruit transverse diameter was minimum of 9.15 and spine color variation coefficient was maximum of 77.22.By using Ward＇s method,cluster analysis showed the 58 Yantai area cucumber germplasm resources were divided into3 categories at the 4.67 threshold.The first category contained 16 germplasm resources belonging to southern China type cucumbers with white skin color.The second category contained 18 germplasm resources belonging to southern China type cucumbers germplasm resources with yellow-green skin color.The third category contained 24 germplasm resources belonging to northern China type cucumbers.Yantai local cucumber germplasm resources covering southern China and northern China type cucumber two groups in conformity with the traditional geographic distribution.Coefficients of variation and diversity indexes of phenotypic traits were high.Yantai local cucumber germplasm resources had abundant genetic diversity.