东海海区东方鲀属鱼类的杂交现象

Occurrence of hybrid among Takifugu in East China Sea

从东海海区采集的15尾东方鲀属鱼类中的11尾个体,兼具点状和条状花纹,很可能是东方鲀属鱼类的杂交后代。线粒体基因COⅠ显示这些个体与菊黄东方鲀(Takifugu flavidus)和双斑东方鲀(T.bimaculatus)关系最为接近,然后是横纹东方鲀(T.oblongus),最后是暗纹东方鲀(T.obscurus)。利用EPIC标记(Exon-primed intron-crossing markers)技术调查了此15尾个体及本实验室收集的菊黄东方鲀、双斑东方鲀和暗纹东方鲀的内含子序列,显示此15尾个体与菊黄东方鲀、双斑东方鲀和暗纹东方鲀关系均非常接近,难以区分。进一步通过比较此15尾东方鲀属鱼类的体色以及背鳍、臀鳍和胸鳍的鳍条数,可以明确这些个体中至少部分是菊黄东方鲀与双斑东方鲀、或与暗纹东方鲀、或与横纹东方鲀的杂交体,但也不排除部分个体是横纹东方鲀与菊黄东方鲀、或与双斑东方鲀、或与暗纹东方鲀的杂交体,表明东海海区存在东方鲀属的杂交体或天然杂交现象。

We harvested 15 individuals Takifugu in Luchao Seaport of the East China Sea,11 of them were both spotted and striated on the dorsal skin,supposed to be the hybrids of Takifugu. DNA barcoding COⅠgene showed these 15 individuals of Takifugu are most closed to Takifugu flavidus and T. bimaculatus,then to T. oblongus,then to T. obscurus. The exon-primed intron-crossing（ EPIC） marker which is based on the polymorphosis of intron sequences, showed these fishes are closed to T. flavidus, T. obscurus or T.bimaculatus. We further compared the body color pattern and ray numbers of dorsal fin,anal fin and pectoral fin of there 15 individuals,and found these morphological features in ten individuals of them were not same as those in known Takifugu species,the morphological features seems to be the result of species hybrid. Taken together with proofs from the molecular and morphological data,we can say at lease some of these fish are the hybrids of T. flavidus with T. bimaculatus,or T. obscurus,or T. oblongus. It is possible as well that some of them are the hybrids of T. oblongus with T. flavidus,or T. bimaculatus,or T. obscurus. Our result showed that occurrence of hybrid among Takifugu in East China Sea,even so far we can not determine whether the species hybridization was wild or artificial.