新型定量集卵直检技术现场诊断血吸虫病的效果评价

FIELD STUDIES OF THE NEW TECHNIQUE FOR QUANTITATIVE EXAMINATION FOR DIAGNOSING SCHISTOSOMIASIS JAPONICA

目的 建立一种简便、经济、快速、准确、敏感性高于 Kato- Katz法的新型诊断血吸虫病的方法 ,以便在现场推广应用。 方法 对血吸虫病流行区的 15 9名居民的同一份粪便 ,用新型定量集卵直检法、Kato- Katz法和集卵孵化法同时进行检测。 结果 3种方法血吸虫卵检出率依次为 2 5 .16 % (40 /15 9)、6 .2 9% (10 /15 9)和 2 5 .79% (41/15 9)。经配对计数资料的卡方检验 ,定量集卵直检法与集卵孵化法之间差异无显著性 (χ2 =0 ,P>0 .0 5 ) ;而定量集卵直检法与 Kato-Katz法之间差异有极显著性 (χ2 =2 8.0 3,P<0 .0 1)。定量集卵直检法镜下检出的虫卵形态不变 ,卵内毛蚴结构清晰 ,很容易辨认。 结论 定量集卵直检法不仅简便、快速、经济 ,而且诊断准确 ,敏感性高 ,明显优于 Kato- Katz法和集卵孵化法 ,值得进一步研究、推广。

Objective To establish a new technique for diagnosis of schistosomiasis which is simple, inexpensive, rapid, practical, exact and more sensitive than Kato Katz technique, so that the new technique will be used expansively in field. Methods 159 fecal samples collected from 159 residents in schistosomiasis endemic area were examined parallelly by the new technique for quantitative examination, Kato Katz technique and micracidium hatching method. Results The positive rate was 25.16%(40/159), 6.29%(10/159) and 25.75%(41/159) by three techniques as above, respectively. There is no significant difference(χ 2=0, P >0.05) between the new method and micracidium hatching method, but significant statistic difference (χ 2 =28.03, P <0.01) between the new technique and Kato Katz. The shape of Schistosoma egg is normal and the structure of micracidium was seen very clearly under higher magnification by the new method. Conclusion The new method is not only simple, inexpensive, rapid, practical but also exact and sensitive, and more superior than Kato Katz technique and micracidium hatching method obviously.(For Fig. 1-4, to see inside back cover)