创新与企业全要素生产率——来自中国制造业企业的证据

Innovation and Total Factor Productivity of Enterprises——Evidence from Manufacturing Enterprises in China

创新活动影响企业全要素生产率。对于中国规模以上制造业企业创新对全要素生产率的影响及其传导机制经验进行研究发现:第一,以研发和专利申请度量的企业创新从无到有分别导致企业全要素生产率增长4.9%和3.1%;第二,在控制企业生产过程中的"干中学"效应后,企业研发和专利申请对全要素生产率增长的效应下降为3.5%和2.5%;第三,民营企业研发的全要素生产率增长效应最高,外资企业次之,国有企业最差,说明民营企业在从"要素驱动"向"创新驱动"转变过程中具有重要的作用。

In this paper,we combine Chinese industrial survey database( 1998—2007) with patent data from the State Intellectual Property Office to investigate the effect of innovation on total factor productivity for Chinese above-scale manufacture firms. Empirical results suggest firms with positive R&D to have 4. 9% higher TFP compared to those without them; while firms with at least one patent have 3.1% higher TFP compared to those without them. In the above two regressions,controlling for'learning by doing'will reduce the associated effects to 3.5% and 2.5%. Further investigation reveals the sensitivity to changes in innovation is non-uniform across ownership: private firms exhibiting the largest effect,followed by foreign-funded enterprises and stateowned enterprises.