重庆市长寿区2006-2014年职业病发病情况分析

Analysis of the incidence and characteristics of occupational diseases in Changshou district of Chongqing city,2006-2014

目的分析2006—2014年重庆市长寿区职业病发病特征,为今后制定防治策略、实施预防控制措施提供依据。方法以2006—2014年长寿区内各厂矿企事业单位确诊的新发职业病患者为调查对象,分析职业病种类、发病特征和行业分布等。结果 2006-2014年长寿区共发生133例职业病,其中新发尘肺病例95例,占职业病发病总数的71.4%。尘肺病最主要的类型为煤工尘肺和矽肺且以Ⅰ期尘肺为主。造成急性中毒的主要物质是羰基镍、氯气、二氧化硫和一氧化碳等化学物质。造成慢性职业中毒的物质主要是锰及其化合物和苯。结论近五年来长寿区职业病发病人数和职业病种类都在增加,尘肺、职业性化学中毒是常见职业病,应重点开展对高发职业病的预防控制,尤其应加强对中小煤矿及化工企业等私营经济实体的监管。

Objective To analyze the occupational disease incidence and characteristics in Changshou district of Chongqing city and provide basis for formulating the occupational disease prevention and controling strategy. Methods All the confirmed patients with occupational diseases in Changshou district from 2006 to 2014 were chosen as the study objects,the disease categories, morbidity trend and industrial distributions were analyzed. Results A total of 133 occupational disease cases were reported in Changshou from 2006 to 2014, and there were 95 new pneumoconiosis cases, accounting for 71.43% of total cases of occupational diseases. Most of pneumoconiosis cases were silicosis and coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis. Conclusion In the past five years, the number and the types of occupational diseases are increasing in the district. The leading cause of acute poisoning were carbonyl nickel, chlorine, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide and other chemical substances, while a majority of chronic occupational poisoning cases were caused by manganese and its compounds, as well as benzene. Pneumoconiosis and occupational chemical poisoning were common occupational diseases in the district. We should focus on the prevention and control of occupational diseases, especially the supervision of private economic entities such as small coal mines and chemical enterprises.