中资企业在尼日利亚油气合作面临的挑战和机遇

Challenges and opportunities for Chinese enterprise`s oil and gas cooperation in Nigeria

尼日利亚是世界产油大国,但是炼油工业落后。尼日利亚的现行"石油法"内容过时,2015年版石油法仍不确定。优质油气资产被西方公司瓜分殆尽,社会安保形势日趋严峻,石油工会非常活跃且势力强大,政治、法律和财税政策风险大,中国石油企业独立运营深海油气项目的能力不足,这些都是中国企业在尼日利亚所面临的挑战。中国石油企业在尼日利亚也有发展机遇,包括:美国大量削减原油进口为中资企业提供石油贸易空间,西方公司剥离在尼油气资产为中资企业提供新项目机会,中尼两国政治关系不断加强且经贸关系持续发展,尼日利亚经济发展急需中国资金与技术的支持,中国三大石油公司具有上下游、甲乙方综合一体化优势。中国石油企业应与尼日利亚国家石油公司开展多种形式的合作,关注西方公司资产剥离及中小独立石油公司的并购机会,优选深水风险探区择机介入并与西方公司开展深海领域合作,注重当地员工队伍建设,采取严密的安全防范措施,创建和谐社区关系。

Nigeria is one of the world＇s major oil producers, which the domestic refining industry lag behind. The current Petroleum Industry Bill is stale over time and 2015 oil law has not been ensured yet. The all challenges such as high quality resources divided up by western companies, increasingly serious social security situation, very active and strong labor union, high risks of political, fiscal and taxation policy, lacking the ability to independently operate oil and gas projects in deep water were faced by China＇s oil companies. However, there are also opportunities for China＇s oil companies in Nigeria which include the oil trade room to China＇s companies by cutting oil imports from the US government, the new project opportunities for China＇s companies by asset stripping from western companies, the continuously strengthening the political relations and developing economic and trade relations, the urgent investment and technology support from China to Nigerian economic development, the comprehensive integration advantage of upstream and downstream of China＇s three major oil companies. China＇s petroleum enterprises should carry out various forms of cooperation with Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, focus on asset stripping of western companies and the acquisition opportunities of small and medium-sized independent oil companies, select the better exploratory areas to involve in and carry out the cooperation in deep water with western companies, pay attention to local staff team building, build a tight security measures, and achieve harmonious community relations