蜂胶残渣对28-56日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肌肉品质的影响

Propolis Residue:Effects on Growth & Slaughter Performance and Muscle Quality of Yellow Feather Broilers from 28 to 56 Days of Age

本试验旨在研究蜂胶残渣对28-56日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肌肉品质的影响,进而为蜂胶残渣的开发和利用提供依据。选取28日龄闽南黄羽肉鸡540只,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只。Ⅰ组饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.5%和1.0%的蜂胶残渣,试验期28 d。结果表明：1）蜂胶残渣对肉鸡平均日增重和料重比没有显著影响（P〉0.05）。2）蜂胶残渣对屠宰率、半净膛率没有显著影响（P〉0.05）,但能显著提高全净膛率（P〈0.05）;Ⅲ组腿肌率和胸肌率显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）。3）肉色方面,蜂胶残渣对腿肌和胸肌的亮度（L＊）和黄度（b＊）值没有显著影响（P〉0.05）,但显著降低了Ⅲ组胸肌和腿肌的红度（a＊）值（P〈0.05）。肉质方面,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组腿肌剪切力显著降低（P〈0.05）,胸肌失水率显著降低（P〈0.05）;Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组胸肌的滴水损失显著低于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）,Ⅲ组腿肌滴水损失也显著低于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）。由此可见,饲粮中添加1.0%蜂胶残渣能改善黄羽肉鸡的屠宰性能和鸡肉品质。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of propolis residue on growth performance,slaughter performance and muscle quality of yellowfeather broilers from 28 to 56 days of age,and thus provided the basis for the development and utilization of propolis residue.A total of 540 broilers of 28 days were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 30 broilers in each replicate.The group Ⅰ was fed a basal diet,and the groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% or 1.0% propolis residue,respectively.The trial lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows：1） propolis residue had no significant effects on average daily gain and feed to gain ratio of broilers（P〉0.05）.2） Propolis residue had no significant impacts on dressing rate and semi-eviscerated rate（P〉0.05）,but obviously increased the eviscerated rate（P〈0.05）.The breast and thigh muscle rate in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ（P〈0.05）.3） About meat color,propolis residue had no obvious effects on brightness（L＊） and yellowdegree（b＊） values of breast and thigh muscle（P〉0.05）,but significantly decreased red degree（a＊） value of breast and thigh muscle in group Ⅲ（P〈0.05）.About meat quality,compared with the group Ⅰ,the shearing force of thigh muscle in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly decreased（P〈0.05）,and the water loss rate of breast muscle in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was also significantly decreased（P〈0.05）.The drip loss of breast muscle in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ（P〈0.05）,and it was also the same way for drip loss of thigh muscle in group Ⅲ（P〈0.05）.Thus it can be seen that,adding 1.0% propolis residue in diet can improve the slaughter performance and meat quality of yellowfeather broilers.