多步串联技术在海洋深水长记录多次波衰减中的应用

The Application of Multi-steps Tandem Technology to Attenuation of Multiples on Deep Ocean Long Records

多次波是海洋资料中最主要的噪声,多次波衰减是海洋资料处理的核心部分之一。目前海洋资料处理中常用SRME、Radon以及分频衰减残余多次波串联的方法进行多次波的压制,但深水长记录地震资料由于记录长度较长,因而多次波具有能量强、周期长、阶数多的特点。且在深海的非沉积层区域,多次波覆盖范围由于没有有效信号,相对背景而言具有频带宽、与有效信号频带重叠、能量强的特点,严重影响剖面的成像质量。运用常用的串联方法很难较好地衰减多次波,因此提出将SRME、高精度Radon变换、f—x域反褶积相串联的方法进行深水长记录多次波的衰减,用f—x域反褶积方法代替常规使用的分频方法;分别衰减近道、中远道以及残余强能量、宽频多次。通过实际深水资料的应用,该串联方法取得了良好的多次波压制效果。

Multiple is the main noise in the ocean data,so the elimination of multiples is one of hardcore part during the processing.Now in ocean data processing,SRME,Radon transform and frequency division are usually applied to attenuate multiples.Because the record time of deep ocean seismic data is long,the multiple in deep water data has the characteristics of strong energy,long period and many ranks.And in deep ocean＇s non-sediment area,there is no signal of this noise overlay region.Compared with background,this multiple has the characteristics of wide frequency and strong energy.This noise seriously affects the section quality.The use of common tandem methods usually can＇t attenuate multiple well,so this paper uses SRME,high precision radon transform,f—x deconvolution,multi-steps tandem＇s method to respectively attenuate the multiples at near channel,middle or far channeland remnant strong energy.Using f—xdeconvolution to replace the frequen-cy division method is very effective.By the actualuse,this concatenation method has good applicability in deep ocean＇s long records.