亚临界水萃取技术及其在林下资源活性成分提取中的应用

The application of extract on bioactive constituents of under-forest resources by subcritical water technology

林下资源生长在纯天然的环境中,受污染情况小,具有较高的安全性能、广泛的营养价值和较强的生理功能.因此,提取林下资源活性成分和开发功能性产品成为人们的研究热点.亚临界水萃取技术由于具有无毒、无害、环保、无污染、对活性成分不破坏不氧化、产能大和成本低等诸多优点,受到研究者的重视和应用.亚临界水技术是将水加热到100~374℃临界温度范围,通过改变温度,改变了水中的氢键强度,从而使水的极性发生了改变,实现了水溶性物质和脂溶性物质的连续性和选择性提取.该技术常用于萃取蛋白质、多糖、酚类、醌类和挥发油等天然功能性成分.重点阐述了亚临界水萃取技术在林下资源活性成分提取中的应用情况,为林下资源的开发提供参考.

The under-forest resources grow up in pure environment,they are with less pollution,high safety property and stronger physiological function.Therefore the extraction of bioactive substances in the under-forest resources attracts people′s attention.The subcritical water technology has been concerned and applicated by reasercher becaues of its aboundant of advantages such as non-toxic,harmless,environmental friendly,no pollution,no damage to bioactive components,high productivity and low cost.The subcritical water technology is the water heated to 100~ 374 ℃,by changing the temperature to change water hydrogen bonding strength,so the polarity of water has changed. The water soluble substances and fat soluble substances can be extracted continuously and selectively.Commonly used to extract natural functional substances such as protein,polysaccharide,phenols,quinones and volatile oil.Mainly intruduces the usage of extraction of bioactive substances in the under-forest resources,which will provide reference to exploit the under-forest resources.