季节性冻融期灌溉水量对土壤温度时空变化的影响

Effects of Irrigation Quantity on Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Temperature During Seasonal Freeze-thaw Period

以位于山西省晋中盆地的农科院试验田为基地,运用灰色关联度和spss软件对2013-2014年季节性冻融期不同灌水量下土壤温度的时空变化规律进行了统计分析。结果表明：灌水量对土壤的冻融过程存在一定影响,有明显的增温效应,但在不同的冻融阶段有所差异：缓慢冻结阶段,灌水量高的地块土壤降温速度慢;快速冻结和拟稳定冻结阶段,20～50cm范围内土壤温度随着灌水量的增加而增加,呈现显著的正相关性;融化阶段中后期,不同灌水定额下土壤温度随时间线性增加,增温速率几乎相同。同一冻融阶段剖面地温随深度的变化规律为：土壤温度在10cm内出现极小值,当土壤深度大于30cm时,土壤温度与深度的线性相关性随着灌水量的增加而增加,同一时间剖面地温的增减速率随灌水量的增加而减少。

Taking the agricultural experimental field located in Shanxi Jinzhong basin as a base,this paper analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of soil temperature in the seasonal freezing and thawing period of 2013-2014 by using grey correlation degree and SPSS software.The results showed that irrigation quantity had effects on soil freeze-thaw characteristics and obvious warming effect,but the effect was different in different stages of freezing and thawing.In the slower freezing stage,soil temperature decreased slowly in the plots with high irrigation rate;during the freezing and quasi stable freezing stage,the soil temperature in the range of 20~50cm increased with the increase of the irrigation amount with a significant positive correlation;In the late stages of melting,soil temperature under different irrigation quota increased linearly with time,warming rate was almost the same.The law of temperature variation with the soil depth profile during freezing and thawing stage was that the minimal value of temperature occurred at the 10 cm depth;When the soil depth was deeper than 30 cm,the linear correlation between soil temperature and depth increased with the increase of irrigation,the rate of increase or decrease at the same time decreased with the increase of irrigation water.