中国进出口贸易分解及国际比较——基于全球价值链视角

Decomposition and International Comparison of China's Import and Export Trade:From the Perspective of Global Value Chain

在加入WTO以后,中国在世界经济中的地位越来越重要。根据国家间投入产出表,通过全球价值链(GVC)重新测算了中国与世界其他国家和地区的贸易差额。在此基础上,对中国的进出口贸易进行了分解,比较分析了世界各国在GVC中的参与度。结果显示:根据新的测算方法,中国与美国等国家的贸易顺差没有传统贸易统计的那么大,传统的中美贸易顺差平均高估达25%。通过国际比较发现,中国的GVC参与率在1995—2009年呈逐年上升之势,而美日等国则呈下降趋势。

After joining the WTO,China is becoming more and more important in the world economy. Based on intercountry input-output tables,the paper recalculated the trade balance between China and other countries and regions through global value chain（ GVC）. The paper decomposes China＇s import and export trade and comparatively analyzes the degree of involvement of other countries in GVC. The results show： under the new calculation method,the trade surplus between China and other countries such as USA is not as large as what the traditional trade statistics shows,which was overestimated by 25% on average. Through the international comparison,it is found that China＇s GVC participation rates in 1995—2009 show a rising trend year by year,while countries such as USA and Japan are on the decline.