大漂提取物抑制铜绿微囊藻的试验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE INHIBITION EFFECT OF EXTRACTS FROM PISTIA STRATIOTES LINN. ON THE GROWTH OF MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA

为了确定高效脱氮除磷的水生漂浮植物大漂的主要化感活性物质,本文通过乙醇超声波提取获得大漂的化感粗提物,利用溶剂萃取法从粗提物中分离得到4种能抑制铜绿微囊藻(FACHB-911)生长的化感萃取物,当其浓度均为0.1 g/L时共培养5d后抑藻率分别为40%、69%、40%、35%。将抑藻率最高的化感萃取物通过酸性氧化铝柱层析法进一步分离纯化,分离得到4组抑藻作用较弱的(5d后抑藻率分别为12%、11%、33%、41%)和1组抑藻作用较强的化感层析流分(5d后抑藻率高达80%)。将抑藻作用最强的化感层析流分通过气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)方法进行成分检测,发现大漂提取物中含有对甲苯磺酸甲酯、硬脂酸酰胺两种具有化感潜力的化合物。

The current study obtained four different allelopathic crude extracts from Pistia stratiotes Linn, a aquatic floating plant with higher efficiency on nitrogen and phosphorus removal, using ethanol ultrasonic extraction. These four, allelopathic extracts （0.1 g/L） inhibited the growth ofMicrocystis aeruginosa （FACHB-911） for 40%, 69%, 40% and 35% after 5 days treatment, respectively. Extracts were further purified through the method of acidic alumina column chromatography separation, which had inhibition rates 12%, 11%, 33 and 41% after 5 days treatment, respec- tively. Interestingly, one group of allelopathic fraction had 80% inhibition rate after 5 days treatment. The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） analysis revealed that the extracts from P. stratiotes mainly contained two antialgal compounds including P-toluene sulfonic acid methyl ester and stearic acid amide.