基于ADAMS自卸汽车举升机构优化设计

Optimization Design of Lifting System in Dump Truck Based on ADAMS

针对自卸汽车举升机构经验类比设计方法工作量大、效率低的问题,采用虚拟样机技术对机构进行优化设计分析。对自卸汽车举升油缸后置直顶式举升系统进行建模分析,以举升缸的容量与举升力为优化设计的目标数,以举升缸铰接点的位置为设计变量,考虑了边界约束、不干涉性约束、举升缸安装长度约束、最高油压约束等4个约束条件,基于ADAMS对液压举升机构进行优化设计。设计举升缸输出力及液压油压力特性的试验台,对优化设计分析结果进行试验分析。结果可知:在货箱举升、回落过程中,当每一级缸筒或活塞杆伸出和缩回时,无杆腔内油压都会出现冲击;通过参数优化举升最大长度减少到3675.80mm,减少5.91%;台架试验验证了分析的可靠性,可以为实际优化设计提供参考。

To dump truck lifting mechanism empirical analogue design methodology workload,low efficiency problem,the virtual prototype technology of mechanism was used to optimization design and analysis.In the optimization,the capacity and lifting force were specified as objective function,the link joint position of the cylinder as design variable and four constraintsboundary constraints,noninterference,lifting cylinder length and supreme oil pressure were considered.The optimization design was based on ADAMS.Design of the test rig for the output force of the lifting cylinder and the characteristics of the hydraulic oil pressure,the test analysis of the optimum design analysis results is carried out.Results showed that：in cargo lift and fall in the process,when the every stage cylinder or piston rod extending and retracting,no rod cavity oil will appear to have had an impact.Through the parameter optimization of lifting the maximum length is reduced to 3675.80mm,reduce 5.91％;bench test verified the reliability analysis can provide a reference for the actual optimization design.