离心泵叶轮五轴数控加工刀位轨迹规划算法研究

Research on Tool-Path Planning Algorithm of 5-Axis Machining for a Centrifugal Pump Impeller

针对球头刀端铣加工工艺,可采用等残高刀位轨迹规划方法生成离心泵叶轮叶片型面的加工轨迹。首先根据端铣加工的工艺特点和叶片型面的几何特征,选取叶片上一条长边界曲线作为初始刀触点轨迹,并通过许用弦长公差离散形成刀触点序列;然后定义与进给方向垂直的截平面簇,在每个截平面内建立以刀触点为圆心的圆弧,将圆弧与叶片型面相交的前交点作为下一刀触点,并沿着刀轴方向计算刀位点,形成刀位点序列,拟合得到刀位轨迹。UG仿真表明,针对给定的叶轮,设定残高0.05mm时,可以得到实际均方根残高值为0.0463mm的光顺加工轨迹,其后跟角在(4.3432,15.8454)内变化,侧倾角在(46.4292,56.7360)内变化,刀轴转动无突变。

Focusing on ball end milling process,a constant residual scallop height path planning method can be employed for generating tool path of centrifugal impeller blade geometry.First,a long boundary curve of the blade surface is selected as the initial trajectory of the cutter contact path,and a sequence of cutter contact points will be forming by the discretion of permitting chord tolerance.Then,a feed direction perpendicular cluster of sectional planes is defined,and a circle arc is constructed with the center of cutter contact point in each sectional plane.After that,cutter location points will be calculated along tool axis directions to fitting the tool path.UG simulations show that,for a given impeller with a given residual scallop height of 0.05mm,a smooth tool path will be generated with a Root Mean Square （RMS） residual scallop height of 0.0463mm,followed with tilt angles in （4.3432,15.8454）,roll angles in （46.4292,56.7360）,and cutter axis varying without mutation.