日本第四次能源基本计划对我国的启示意义——以能源革命背景下的煤炭行业为分析进路

Japan's Fourth Basic Energy Plan and Its Revelation to China——An Analysis of the Coal Industry in the Context of Energy Revolution

日本第四次能源基本计划包括"3E+S"基本方针和能源结构多元化。"3E+S"即能源稳定供给、经济效率提高和环境保护,在以安全性为前提的基础上,能源稳定供给是第一位的;能源结构方面需构建多元化、多样化的灵活能源供需结构,煤炭与核电具有同等重要的战略地位。当前,煤炭作为我国的主体能源和重要的工业原料,"一煤独大"的能源结构受到多方面的质疑与挑战。在能源革命的浪潮中,我国能源发展可以借鉴日本第四次能源基本计划在能源的定位、发展方向、政策措施等方面的新探索,在积极实现能源结构多样化的同时,改变煤炭的粗放开发利用,创新煤炭开采、使用、管理等环节,加强国际合作,有效实施"走出去"的战略,保障国家的能源安全。

Japan＇s fourth basic energy plan includes the basic principle of＂3E＋S＂and diversification of energy structure.＂3E＋S＂means steady energy supply,economic efficiency promotion and environmental protection. On the basis of security,steady energy supply is of the first priority. In terms of energy structure,there is a need to build a flexible and diversified structure of energy supply and demand,with both coal and nuclear power holding equally vital strategic positions. At present,coal is the principal energy and the important industrial raw material in China,and the＂coal dominant＂energy structure is under various questions and challenges. In a wave of energy revolution,the energy development in China can draw lessons from Japan＇s fourth basic energy plan,in order to make new exploration in aspects of energy positioning,development direction,policies and measures. When actively realizing diversification of energy structure,we must also avoid extensive coal mine exploitation and utilization by innovating the exploitation,utilization and management of coal mines. Meanwhile,we should enhance international cooperation and effectively implement the strategy of＂going global＂to safeguard national energy security.