新兵积极心理品质和父母教养方式与抑郁情绪的关系

Relationship between positive mental characters,parenting style and depression in recruits

目的：探讨新兵积极心理品质和父母教养方式与抑郁情绪的关系。方法采用新兵积极心理品质评估问卷（PMCS －R）、父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）及抑郁自评量表（SDS）对某部2013年和2014年秋季入伍的6830名新兵进行测试。结果（1）抑郁情绪与积极心理品质以及EMBU中的父母情感温暖理解、父亲过分干涉和过分保护均呈负相关（r ＝－0．585～－0．057，P＜0．05），与EMBU中的其他各因子均呈正相关（ r＝0．035～0．288，P＜0．05）；除父母偏爱被试外，积极心理品质与父母惩罚严厉、拒绝否认均呈负相关（r＝－0．179～－0．133，P＜0．05），与EMBU中的其他各因子均呈正相关（r ＝0．015～0．917，P ＜0．05）。（2）PMCS －R中除正义维度外的其余5个维度，以及EMBU中的父亲情感温暖理解、拒绝否认、过分干涉和母亲情感温暖理解、惩罚严厉、过分干涉保护对抑郁情绪均具有预测作用（ F＝293．685，P＜0．05），可解释总变异的42．3％。结论积极心理品质和父母情感温暖理解是新兵抑郁情绪重要的保护性因素。

Objective To explore the relationship between the positive mental characters ,paren‐ting style and depression in recruits .Methods Positive Mental Characters Scale for Recruits （PMCS -R） ,Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran memories of parental rearing practice in childhood （EMBU ） and Self -Rating Depression Scale（SDS） were administered on 6 830 recruits in the autumn of 2013 and 2014 .Results （1） Depression had significantly negative correlation with positive mental characters and parents＆#39;emotional warmth and understanding ,father＆#39;s excessive interference and protection in EMBU （r =-0 .585‐-0 .057 ,P〈0 .05） ,and significantly positive correlation with other factors in EMBU （r =0.035‐0 .288 ,P〈0 .05）;positive mental characters had significantly negative correlation with parents＆#39;severe punishment and denial （r = - 0 .179‐-0 .133 ,P〈0 .05） ,and significantly positive correlation with others factors in EMBU （r = 0 .015‐0 .917 ,P〈0 .05） .（2） Five dimensions in PMCS -R （except the justice one） and parents＆#39;warmth and understanding ,father＆#39;s denial and excessive interference and mother＆#39;severe punishment ,excessive interference and protection in EMBU could explain 42 .3% of the total variance of depression （F = 293 .685 ,P〈0 .05） .Conclusions Positive mental characters and parents＆#39;emotional warmth and understanding are the valuable protective factors of depression in recruits .