3种流感病毒检测方法的比较

Comparison of three methods for detection of influenza virus

目的对病毒分离培养法、实时荧光PCR法和鸡胚培养法3种检测流感病毒的方法和结果进行比较研究,筛选快速准确的检测方法,为流感监测与防控工作提供及时可靠的病原学依据。方法同时采用病毒分离培养法、实时荧光PCR法和鸡胚培养法对2014年10月~2015年3月牡丹江市流感监测哨点医院采集的流感样病例咽拭子样本进行检测,比较检测结果。结果实时荧光PCR法的流感病毒核酸检测阳性率为15.52%,其中169份为季节性H3N2流感病毒,73份为B型Yamagata株;病毒分离培养法的阳性率为6.29%,分离出63株季节性H3N2流感病毒,35株B型Yamagata株;鸡胚分离培养法检出率为0.64%。3种方法中,实时荧光PCR法的阳性率最高,病毒分离培养法次之,鸡胚分离培养法阳性率最低。结论实时荧光PCR法比病毒分离培养法和鸡胚培养法灵敏快捷、特异性强、敏感度高,适用于流感病毒的快速检测。

Objective To compare the efficacy of the methods of the virus isolation culture,real- time PCR and chicken embryo inoculation for detection of influenza virus in order to screen accurate and rapid influenza virus detection methods. Methods The Influenza virus from influenza- like patients between October 2014 and March 2015 were detected by using methods of the virus isolation culture,real- time PCR and chicken embryo inoculation,then the results were compared. Results The positive rate of real- time PCR was 15. 52% including 169 samples of seasonal H3N2 viruses,73 copies of B type Yamagata strain. The positive rate of isolation and culture method was 6. 29% and that of chicken embryo inoculation method was 0. 64 %. Sixty- three seasonal H3N2 strains,35 Yamagata B strains. The detection rate of real- time PCR was the highest and followed by viruses isolation and culture method,the lowest was embryo inoculation method. Conclusion Real- time PCR was more faster,high sensitivity and specificity than the virus isolation and culture and chicken embryo inoculation,so real- time PCR is more suitable for detection of influenza virus in specimens.