抗阻训练和ACE基因D/I多态性对绝经女性血管内皮功能的影响

Effects of ACE D/I Polymorphism and Resistance Training on Vascular Endothelial Function in Postmenopausal Women

目的：观察12周抗阻训练对ACE基因D/I多态性绝经女性血管内皮功能的影响。方法：选取55~75岁绝经女性63名,受试者无其他疾病史,无服用降血压药物及降血脂药物史。采集口腔黏膜细胞检测ACE基因D/I分型,进行12周抗阻训练。干预前后检测受试者血脂4项（TC、LDL-C、HDL-C和TG）和血管内皮功能（FMD）。结果：所选绝经女性I型基因比例61.11%,D型基因比例38.39%,符合Hardyweinberg遗传平衡定律,具有群体代表性;ACE基因DD型绝经女性血脂异常率明显高于II/DI型（χ^2=162,P=0.000）,且以LDL-C和TC增高为主;DD型绝经女性FMD值明显低于II/DI型（P〈0.01）,FMD异常率明显高于II/DI型（χ^2=135,P=0.000）;12周抗阻训练ACE基因各表型绝经女性血脂异常率和FMD异常率均有所下降,以DD型最为明显（P〈0.01;P〈0.05）,血脂系列以LDL-C下降最明显（P〈0.01）。结论：ACE基因DD型具有较高的脂代谢及血管内皮功能异常发生率;12周抗阻训练,所有受试者脂代谢及血管内皮功能均有所改善,但不同ACE基因D/I表型指标变化存在一定差异,DD型个体对于抗阻训练更为敏感。

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on vascular endothelial functions in postmenopausal women with ACE I / D genotypes. Methods： Sixty-three（ DD = 8,II = 22,ID =33） sedentary postmenopausal women（ 55- 75 yrs） participated in a 12-week program of resistance training at moderate intensity. Blood total cholesterol（ TC）,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol（ LDL-C）,high density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL-C）,triglyceride（ TG） and flow-mediated dilation（ FMD） were evaluated before and after intervention program. Results： 1） The proportion of type I gene of recruited postmenopausal women was61. 11%,and that of type D gene was 38. 39%,which conformed to Hardy-Weinbery equilibrium. 2） Before resistance training,the ACE DD genotype showed significantly higher lipids abnormal rate,mainly in LDL-C and TC level,than that of the ACE II / ID individuals. 3） The FMD value of postmenopausal women with ACE DD genotype was lower than that of women with ACE II / DI genotype（ P〈0. 01）,but its abnormal rate was higher than that of II / DI genotype（ χ^2= 135,P = 0. 000）. 4） After resistance training,the abnormal rates of lipids-plasma levels and FMD decreased significantly in all women especially in women with DD gene（ Ps 0. 05）,and the LDC-C in lipids had the most obvious decline（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusions： Postmenopausal women with ACE I / D genotypes has a high abnormal incidence of lipid metabolism and vascular endothelial dysfunction. After 12 weeks resistance training,the lipid metabolism and vascular endothelial function are improved,and there are different changes in different ACE D / I genotypes,women with DD genotypes are more sensitive to resistance training.These results are references for developing individual fitness plan.