抗争政治影响社会变迁的途径、机制与能动性初探

A Preliminary Exploration of the Approaches,Mechanisms and Dynamics of the Effects of Contentious Politics on Social Changes

本文考察了抗争政治研究中一个亟需认真研究但尚未深入探讨的问题——抗争政治对社会变迁的影响。依据抗争主体对社会变迁过程中衍生的社会心理危机、文化认同危机、社会资源分配危机和政权合法性危机所作的不同回应,本文将抗争政治划分为"情感导向型抗争政治"、"价值导向型抗争政治"、"利益导向型抗争政治"与"政权导向型抗争政治"四种类型。在此基础上,考察了它们各自影响社会变迁的具体途径与机制,并将它们分别提炼为"呈现模型"、"塑造模型"、"分配模型"与"变革模型"。此外,文章进一步阐述了抗争政治的能动性与其实现社会变迁程度之间的关系,即抗争政治实现社会变迁的程度受到自身动员规模、策略选择、组织水平等社会运动内部诸要素的影响。尽管如此,抗争政治实现社会变迁的程度,并不完全取决于抗争政治的动员规模、策略选择与组织水平中任何单一因素,而是各种因素综合作用的结果。

search while ye derivative crisis The influences of contentious politics on social changes is a topic acquiring serious re- t lacking of thorough discussion. Based on the subjects＇ diversified responses toward the concerning social psychology, cultural identity, social resources distribution, and the legis- lation of the regime during the process of social change, this article has classified the contentious politics into four types as ＂the emotional based contentious politics＂, ＂the value based contentious politics＂, ＂the interests based contentious politics＂ and ＂the regime based contentious politics＂. The approaches and mechanisms of influence of each type have been investigated respectively and there extracted four models： ＂the representational model＂, ＂the framing model＂, ＂the el＂. Moreover, this article also explored the interaction distributional model＂ and ＂the revolutionary mod- between the dynamics of contentious politics and the extent of social change thereafter. Several internal factors of social movement would impact on this re- lationship, including the mobilization scale, strategy these influences is decided by none of these single choice, and organization level. However, the degree of factors, but the comprehensive effect combining them