区域二元碳收支的理论方法研究进展

Theory,methods,and research progresses of regional carbon budget

在全球变化和低碳发展的背景下,区域"自然—社会"二元碳收支成为地理学、环境科学、生态学、经济学及管理学等多学科交叉的研究热点。区域二元碳收支不仅为气候变化背景下"自然—社会"耦合的碳循环压力评估提供了理论基础,而且对推动区域低碳发展和协同减排也具有重要的实践价值。本文从区域系统的角度,提出了区域"自然—社会"二元碳收支的内涵、特征和理论框架;探讨了区域人类活动对二元碳收支的影响机制,阐述了区域不同空间尺度碳收支之间的内在关系;从碳排放、碳吸收、碳流通及碳平衡等角度对当前区域碳收支研究的主要方法特点和应用领域进行了总结和对比;从全球、国家、省级、城市、城区、县域及社区、典型产业及人类活动等不同尺度对近年来区域二元碳收支的国内外研究进行了总结和评述;最后提出了区域碳收支综合研究的重点方向:区域二元碳收支的集成模拟研究,区域碳收支的空间分异规律研究,基于区域碳收支核算的区域横向碳补偿研究,区域碳收支与区域资源环境效应的关系和区域碳收支的综合调控研究。

Under the background of global change and low-carbon development,regional natural-social system carbon budget became a hot multi-disciplinary research field in geographical,ecological,environmental,economic,and management sciences.Regional natural-social system carbon budget studies will not only offer important methods for evaluating the impact of human activities on the environment and provide theoretical basis for carbon cycle pressure assessment of the coupled natural-social system,but also has great significance for regional low-carbon development and collaborative emission reduction.Based on a regional system perspective,this article first defined regional natural-social system carbon budget,analyzed its characteristics,and presented a conceptual model of the system.Then the impacting mechanism of regional anthropogenic activities on the dualistic carbon budget of the natural-social system was discussed,and the relationship between regional natural-social system carbon budget studies at different spatial levels was analyzed.The research progress of regional natural-social system carbon budget at different spatial levels including the global,national,provincial,city,urban district and county,neighborhood,and typical industrial sector and human activity levels was summarized.Finally,the trends of regional natural-social system carbon budget research were put forward：integrated modeling and spatial differentiation of regional carbon budget,inter-regional carbon compensation,the relationship between regional carbon budget and resources and environment effects,and the comprehensive regulation and control of regional natural-social system carbon budget.