低碳旅游相关利益主体演化博弈研究

The Research on Evolutionary Game of the Multi-Stakeholders in Low-carbon Tourism

全球气候变暖的生态环境问题引起了全球对"低碳经济"理念的推崇."低碳旅游"作为一项以低能耗、低污染的绿色出行方式,更是成为了社会公众关注的焦点.选取政府部门、旅游企业与旅游景区这3个在旅游行业中起关键作用的群体为责任主体,通过构建政府与旅游企业,旅游企业与旅游景区的演化博弈模型,分析这3方在两个博弈过程中的演化稳定策略及关键影响因素,从而为这3方做出关于低碳旅游的决策提供一定的科学依据.研究结果显示:3方的最终策略选择依赖于博弈初始支付矩阵及关键参数的影响.政府要加大力度宣传其提供的鼓励政策以及实施和支持低碳旅游的旅游企业和旅游景区;加大对旅游景区的补贴而减少对旅游行业整体的补贴;旅游企业与旅游景区加强对组织内人员的培训,最终实现博弈3方互利共赢与旅游业的进一步发展.

Ecological and environmental problems caused by global warming make people pay attention to the ＂low-carbon economy＂. ＂Low-carbon tourism＂,as a low energy consumption,low pollution and green way to travel,has become the focus of public.This paper selects government departments,tourism enterprises and tourist attractions as the stakeholders in the tourism industry to analyze the evolutionary stable strategies and key factors by building the evolutionary game model of the government and tourism enterprises,tourism enterprises and tourist attractions,so as to provide a scientific basis for decision-making of low-carbon travel. The results show： the final policy choice depends on the matrix constituents and key parameters of the initial payment of the impact of the game.The government should make efforts to promote and implement policies to encourage and support low-carbon tourism enterprises and tourist attractions it offers; to increase tourism subsidies and reduce subsidies on scenic tourism industry as a whole. Meanwhile,tourism enterprises and tourist attractions should strengthen the training of people in the organization and thus,ultimately win the game tripartite.