古代漆膜的分析研究现状及进展

Development of research on ancient lacquer film analysis

为了深入研究古代漆膜,构建科学系统的研究框架,从漆膜结构和成分分析、髤制工艺、添加物分析、固化机理、劣化机理等方面,回顾了近年来漆膜分析研究的现状,讨论了鉴定漆膜结构和成分的分析方法,并就漆膜研究中的热点、难点问题进行讨论,展望了漆膜研究的发展趋势。仪器联用及多仪器辅助鉴别将成为漆膜研究的一个发展方向;未来关于漆膜的研究应该是围绕现在热点问题深入探索,逐步解决在研究中遇到的难点问题。同时建立和完善漆皮红外光谱库,实现资源共享,关注漆艺的流传和传承过程,重视现存的传统漆器手工作坊,推进多学科交叉研究,建立一套漆膜研究的成熟体系。

In order to gain a deeper understanding of ancient lacquer and to illustrate systematic scientific research approaches. This article summarizes the latest lacquer film analytical results in recent years from five perspectives：lacquer film component structure analysis,lacquering craftwork,analysis of additives,the mechanisms of lacquer film hardening and film deterioration. The methods of identification of various film structures and components were discussed. Challenges and popular topics were highlighted. It has been suggested that several methods of instrumental analysis can be combined to get useful information about the identity of film components. In future,the research will focus on popular topics but in greater depth,allowing for some challenging problems to be solved. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（ FTIR） spectral database should be established and shared with the community. Research on the spread and dissemination of lacquer techniques should be continued. Existing tradition allacquer workshops should be pay attentioned. Multi-disciplinary research should be encouraged. Mature research system on lacquer films should be established.