人的尊严的法律属性辨析

An Analysis of the Legal Attributes of Human Dignity

人的尊严是由于人作为人类共同体成员所拥有的高贵与尊荣。法律规定人的尊严不是对人的外在品性的褒奖,而是对人的平等身份的确认;人的尊严并非是由实在法所设定,而是超越于实在法之上,属于不依据实在法而存在的先在规范,是整合法律体系的基础规范,是一种不可随意修正的永久规范,代表现代法律的伦理总纲;人的尊严不是权利和基本权利,而是表征人在社会中立足和在法律中存在的与他人平等的法律地位。我国诸多规范性法律文件直接规定人的尊严,并将保障尊严确定为国家的重要任务。人的尊严与生存和民生相关,通过提供物质帮助和完善公共服务,可以为尊严的实现奠定物质基础。

Human dignity arises from the dignity and honor people enjoy as members of the human community.The law decrees that this dignity does not involve approbation of someone's external qualities;rather,it is the acknowledgement of equal status.Human dignity is not determined by any positive law;rather,it is above positive law,belonging to the category of preexistent norms that exist independent of positive law.Such norms form the basis for integrating legal systems.These permanent norms cannot be amended at will;they represent the general ethical principles of modern law.Human dignity is not a matter of rights or basic rights;rather,it represents one's position in society and legal position of equality before the law.Many normative laws in China directly define human dignity,and affirm the guaranteeing of human dignity as the primary task of the state.Human dignity is related to people's existence and livelihood,and a material foundation for the realization of dignity by supplying material assistance and improving public services.