基层体育组织精英更替与组织运行的关系研究——基于两个个案的比较

On the Relation between Elite Replacement and Organization Operation in Grass-roots Sport Units——Based on A Comparison Between Two Special Cases

以精英理论为理论背景,运用个案研究的研究方法,对湖南2个农村社区体育组织伴随组织领导更替所发生的体育组织精英流动、体育组织精英结构变化、体育组织运行态势转变等问题进行了深入的研究。研究发现:体育组织的领导更替过程其实就是体育组织精英结构变迁的过程,体育组织良性运行的结构性条件是通过组织领导更替而形成比例协调、结构优良、运转高效的精英治理团队,其前提则是建立稳定的精英更替机制,储备充足的精英更替后备。在体育组织的领导变更过程中,如果形成了比例协调、结构合理的精英治理结构,则能有效推进体育组织良性的发展;如果既没有建立稳定的精英更替机制,也无充足的精英后备梯队,以单一的精英治理结构难以有效维系体育组织的良性运行,体育组织的发展将陷于停滞。基于此,健全公共体育服务体系,发展与孕育基层体育组织,其关键在于体育组织内部的人才建设——构建良性的组织精英治理结构。

Using the method of case study,this paper which is mainly grounded on the elite theory,discussing on such topics as the flow of elites,the structure change of elites and the operation tendency in grass-root sport organization according to an analysis on the leader replacement in two rural community grass-root sport units in Hunan Province. It is concluded that leader replacement process in sport organization means a process of elite structure change,and it is the structure condition for effective operation of sports organization whether the leader replacement can form an elite administration team with harmonious proportion,reasonable structure and high operation efficiency. And such structure condition is based on a fixed mechanism of elite replacement and the rich reserve talents in sport organization. In another word,the sport organization can be developed well if there is an elite management mode with harmonious proportion and reasonable structure during the process of sport organization change,which also means the sport organization can not be developed well in a single elite management structure if there is no sufficient reserve talents as well as the no fixed elite replacement mechanism. The main countermeasure in this paper is to strengthen the talent construction in the sport organization,the main goal of which is to build up a harmonious elite management structure in these organizations,to develop public sport service system and foster the grass-root units in mass sport well in China.