护理人员职业紧张和职业倦怠与护理差错的关系研究

The relationship among occupational stress,job burnout,and nursing errors among nursing staffs

目的探讨和分析三级医院护理人员职业紧张、职业倦怠与护理差错的关系。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法抽取承德市2所三级医院共618名护理人员为研究对象,进行调查。调查内容包括人口学特征、职业紧张、职业倦怠和护理差错4部分。结果合计发生护理差错的护理人员为232人次,占37.5%。其中49名护理人员承认发生给药错误,占7.9%;承认处理医嘱错误77人,占12.5%;承认标本留取错误98人,占15.9%,承认护理记录不完善或不正确121人,占19.6%。结构方程模型拟合参数结果显示,工作负荷对护理差错的影响最大,个人成就感次之,玩世不恭对护理差错影响最小,工作负荷对护理差错的间接效应无统计学意义。结论医院管理者应注意适当降低护理人员工作量,提高护理人员职业成就感,从而降低护理差错的发生。

Objective To explore the relationship among occupational stress, job burnout, and nursing errors among nurses. Methods 618 nurses from 2 third class hospitals in Chengde City were selected by simple random sampling method. The contents of the questionnaire included general demographic characteristics, occupational stress, job burnout and nursing errors. Results Totally, 232 （37.5%） participants admitted that they had been made at least one nursing er- ror during the past one year 49 （7. 9% ） of participants admitted drug errors, 77 （ 12. 5% ） of participants admitted to process physician orders incorrectly, 98 （15. 9% ） of participants admitted to take the specimen incorrectly and 121 （ 19. 6% ） of participants admitted nursing record errors. The influence of workload on nursing error was biggest and the influence of cynicism dimension on nursing error was smallest. The structure factor of indirect effect from workload to nursing errors was not significant. Conclusion Hospital managers should pay attention to reduce the workload of nursing staffs and improve the nursing staffs＇ professional achievement, so as to reduce the occurrence of nursing errors.