苏尼特羊肌肉脂质脂肪酸组成的研究

Study on the fatty acid composition in muscle lipid of Sunite sheep

为了研究年龄和育肥对苏尼特羊肌肉脂质脂肪酸组成的影响,试验采用从苏尼特左旗改良站种羊场放牧群中选取当年、1.5岁和成年羯羊各6只,育肥群中选取6只育肥羔,屠宰并采集背最长肌和半腱肌样品,检测肌肉脂质脂肪酸组成。结果表明:1)随着年龄的增长,苏尼特羊肌肉脂质中中链饱和脂肪酸(MCFA)组成上升(P<0.01);n-3多聚不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)组成下降(P<0.01);n-6/n-3和饱和脂肪酸/不饱和脂肪酸(S/U)上升(P<0.05);C18∶1c9组成下降(P<0.01),而C18∶1t9组成上升(P<0.05);C18∶0(P<0.05)以及C4∶0等短链饱和脂肪酸(SCFA)组成上升(P<0.01)。2)育肥使苏尼特羊肌肉脂质中MCFA组成上升(P<0.01);n-3PUFA组成下降(P<0.01),n-6/n-3提高(P<0.05);C18∶1c9组成降低(P<0.01);同时使C18∶0(P<0.05)以及C4∶0等SCFA组成(P<0.05)上升。3)解剖部位间,半腱肌不饱和脂肪酸组成高于背最长肌(P<0.01),差异来自C18∶1c9(P<0.05)和n-3PUFA(P<0.05)组成;背最长肌n-6/n-3(1.648)虽比半腱肌(1.460)高12.88%,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明苏尼特羊肌肉脂质具有n-3PUFA营养特性,但年龄和育肥使肌肉n-3PUFA营养特性明显降低;背最长肌脂肪酸营养价值明显低于半腱肌。

To study the effects of age and fattening on the fatty acid composition in muscle lipid of Sunite sheep, each six sheep at current year, 1.5 years old and adult age in grazing group as well as six fattening lambs in fattening group were selected from the sheep stud of Sonid Zuoqi improvement station. The samples from longissimus and semitendinosus muscles in Sunite sheep were collected after slaughter, and the fatty acid composition in muscle lipid was detected. The results showed that： 1 ） the composition of medium - chain saturated fatty acids （MCFA） in muscle lipid increased with the increased of age （ P 〈0.01 ）, but the composition of n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids （ n - 3PUFA） decreased （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, and n - 6 to n - 3 PUFA and saturated to unsaturated （ S/U ） fatty acids increased （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the composition of oleic acid （ C 18 ： 1 c9 ） decreased （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, but the composition of elaidic acid （ C 18 ： 1 t9 ） increased （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the composition of C 18：0 increased （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and the composition of CA ：0 and other short - chain saturated fatty acids （SCFA） （ P 〈 0. 01 ） also increased. 2 ） Fattening made the MCFA composition in muscle lipid of Sunite sheep increased （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; n - 3PUFA composition was decreased （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, and the composition of n -6/n -3 PUFA was increased （P 〈 0.05 ） ; C18：1 c9 composition was decreased （P 〈 0. O1 ）, while the composition of C18： 0 （ P 〈 0.05 ） was increased and the composition of C4：0 and other SCFA was also increased （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 3 ） The composition of unsaturated fatty acids in the semitendinosus muscle was higher （ P 〈 0. 01 ） than that in the longissimus muscle between anatomic sites, and the difference was from the composition of C 18 ： 1 c9 （ P 〈 0. 05 ） and n - 3 PUFA （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; n - 6/n - 3 （ 1. 648 ） in the longissimus muscle was 12.88 % higher that in the semitendinosus muscle （ 1. 460）, but the difference was not significant （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The results indicate that the muscle hpid of Sunite sheep has n - 3 PUFA nutritional characteristics, but age and fattening make the n - 3 PUFA nutritional characteristics of muscle sig- nificantly decreased ; the nutritive value of fatty acids in the longissimus muscle is significantly lower than that in the semitendinosus muscle.