男性气概与男性气质:男性研究中的两个易混概念辨析

Manliness and Masculinity:Towards a Distinction of Two Key Terms in Men's Studies

男性气概与男性气质是两个既有区别又有联系的概念,但国内学界对这两个概念缺乏正面系统的辨析,以至于在这两个概念的译介和使用方面存在着相当的不准确性。因此,弄清楚这两个概念在内涵与外延的联系与区别,是国内男性研究或性别研究领域亟待解决的问题。本文结合哲学、人类学、社会学、文化学等学科领域在男性气概和男性气质的研究成果,从两个概念的词源史与文化史、定义范围和评判标准、价值判断与价值取向、建构方向与实践方式等四个方面对这两个概念进行辨析,并在此基础上提出当代男性气概的人文重构议题,希望对纠正男性气概的某些错误认知以及超越现代男性气质困境有所启示。

Manliness and masculinity are two related and different concepts,and there have been inaccurate rendering into Chinese and confusing usage,but there has little study of the distinction between them in domestic academic circle.The paper sets out to distinguish the two terms from the perspectives of philosophy,anthropology,sociology and culturology,in hope of distinguishing them in terms of their etymological and cultural development,their definition,scope and criteria,their value orientation and judgment,and their construction strategies and modes of practice.The paper aims at redressing the misconceptions about manliness and shedding light on the predicaments of modem masculinity,and it also proposes reconstructing contemporary manliness.