现代学术史上的“陶诗品第”之争

The Debate on the Grade of Tao Yuanming in Zhong Rong's Tastes of Poetry in Modern Academic history

齐梁时期的锺嵘在《诗品》中将陶渊明列入中品,后世不少评论家都认为品第不公。明清以来如王士祯等人甚至认为陶诗应置于上品,但相关的批评并没有文献依据或理论阐发。及至现代学界,对《诗品》的研究日趋严密细致,由古直率先发端,提出在《太平御览》所征引的《诗品》上品诗人名单中原本就列有陶渊明,随即引发海内外诸多学者参与争论。或引据文献,认为今传《诗品》曾遭后人篡改;或认为对于锺嵘如此品评,根本毋庸置疑。由此展开对《诗品》的版本源流及体例义法,锺嵘的诗学观念及品评标准,乃至陶诗的流传及接受情况等一系列问题的深入研讨。通过梳理这桩公案的始末原委,可以发现传统学术研究在现代转型过程中所呈现的诸多特征。

In his Tastes of Poetry,Zhong Rong（468-518） put Tao Yuanming to the middle grade,which caused much objection from later critics.Wang Shizhen（1526- 1590） thought that Tao should be put to the top grade,although he had not done any theoretical analysis or produced any evidence from research literature.The recent research on Tastes of Poetry found that Zhong Rong had put Tao Yuanming into the rank of top grade poets,as quoted from Taiping Yulan.The entailed debate evolves round such issues as whether the critics had been reading the original Tastes of Poetry and whether Zhong Rong＇s way of ranking should become a point of departure in academic debate.The editions,exemplifications in the book,ideas and criteria of poetry as well as the reception of Tao Yuanming have all been the issues in the debate.This paper tries to delineate this academic case and hopes to disclose some features in the modem transformation of Chinese traditional academic tradition.