粤北少数民族地区留守居民生存质量现状及家庭功能与抑郁的相关性研究

Correlation of present situation of life quality with family function and depression among the remaining residents in northern Guangdong minority areas

目的了解粤北少数民族地区留守居民生存质量现状,探讨家庭功能与生存质量和抑郁的相关性。方法 2015年7~8月对广东省连南县少数民族地区314名留守居民,采用家庭功能评定量表（APGAR）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表（WHOQOL-BREF）进行问卷调查。结果 314名少数民族地区留守居民生存质量4个领域得分分别为生理领域（62.01±12.76）分,心理领域（60.44±12.13）分、社会关系领域（64.12±14.52）分、环境领域（53.84±13.63）分,综合健康状况自我评分为（78.81±12.55）分,家庭功能良好占65.92%（207/314）,抑郁发生率18.48%（58/314）,家庭功能与抑郁存在相关性（r=-0.155,P〈0.01）;生理、心理领域生存质量得分已婚居民低于其他居民（P〈0.05）,农业劳动者低于非农业劳动者（P〈0.05）,做生意居民低于其他收入来源居民但高于种田居民（P〈0.05）,环境领域生存质量得分高收入居民高于低收入居民;年龄越大生存质量评分越低（P〈0.05）。结论粤北少数民族地区留守居民生存质量受到年龄、婚姻、职业和收入的影响,家庭功能与抑郁存在相关,良好的家庭功能可以减低抑郁的发生率,应重视家庭功能对留守居民心理健康的影响。

Objective To understand the present situation of life quality among the remaining residents in northern Guangdong minority areas and explore the correlation of family function,the quality of life and depression. MethodsDuring July-August,2015,314 remaining residents from Liannan county in Guangdong minority areas were surveyed by using the family APGAR index（APGAR）,self-rating depression scale（SDS）and Chinese Scale of World Health Organization（WHOQOL-BREF）. Results Among 314 remaining residents in minority areas,the scores of physiological aspect,psychological aspect,social relation,environmental condition and comprehensive health self evaluation were 62.01±12.76,60.44±12.13,64.12±14.52,53.84±13.63,and 78.81±12.55 respectively,65.92%（207/314）had good family function,the incidence rate of depression was 18.48%（58/314）,there was a correlation between family function and depression（r=-0.155,P 0.01）,the quality of life in the physical and psychological in married residents was lower than that in other residents（P 0.05）,that in agricultural laborers was lower than that in non-agricultural workers（P 0.05）;that of residents in business was lower than that of other sources of income residents,that of residents in business was higher than that of farming residents（P 0.05）;the quality of life in the environment field high income residents was higher than that of low-income residents,the older,the lower quality of life scores（P 0.05）. Conclusion The quality life of remaining residents in northern Guangdong minority areas is influenced by age,marital status,occupation,income level,the family function is related to the depression,the good family function can reduce the incidence rate of depression,more attention should be paid to the effect of family function on mental health of remaining residents.