2010~2014年深圳市龙岗区乙类法定传染病疫情分析

Analysis on epidemics of category B notifiable infectious diseases,Longgang district,Shenzhen city,2010-2014

目的了解深圳市龙岗区乙类法定传染病发病情况和流行特征,为总结防制经验和及时调整防制策略提供科学依据。方法利用描述性研究方法对深圳市龙岗区2010~2014年中国疾病预防控制系统报告的乙类法定传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2010~2014年,深圳市龙岗区共报告乙类传染病27种27 581例,主要为梅毒6 830例（36.67/10万）、淋病5 756例（30.90/10万）、乙肝4 317例（23.17/10万）、肺结核4 014例（21.55/10万）、菌痢2 050例（11.01/10万）及猩红热1 338例（7.18/10万）,分别占病例数的24.76%、20.86%、15.65%、15.55%、7.43%、4.85%,年均发病率148.09/10万（27 581/18 625 145）;共报告死亡53例,主要为为艾滋病42例（0.23/10万）、狂犬病6例（0.03/10万）,分别占死亡病例数的79.25%与11.32%,年均死亡率为0.29/10万（53/18 625 145）。年均发病率位居前五位的是梅毒（36.67/10万）、病毒性肝炎（31.74/10万）、淋病（30.91/10万）、肺结核（21.55/10万）和细菌性痢疾（11.01/10万）;2010~2014年乙类传染病以血液与性传播疾病为主,占乙类传染病总发病数66.65%（18 384/27 581）。结论深圳市龙岗区乙类法定传染病发病率总体呈上升趋势,血液及性传染病和呼吸道传染病是防制重点。

Objective To understand the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of category B notifiable infectious diseases in Longgang district,Shenzhen city,so as to provide scientifically basis for summing up experience and timely adjusting prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological and Excel spreadsheet were used to statistically analyze the data of category B notifiable infectious diseases in Longgang district,Shenzhen city,2010-2014. Results A total of 27 581 cases of 27 kinds of category B infectious diseases and 53 death cases of 7kinds of category B infectious diseases were reported in Longgang district,Shenzhen city,2010-2014,the cumulative incidences of the top six were syphilis（6 830 cases,36.67/105）,gonorrhea（5 756 cases,30.90/105）,hepatitis B（4 317 cases,23.17/105）,tuberculosis（4 014 cases,21.55/105）,bacillary dysentery（2 050 cases,11.01/105）and scarlet fever（1 338 cases,7.18/105）,respectively,accounting for 24.76%,20.86%,15.65%,15.55%,7.43% and 4.85%;The main deaths were AIDS（42cases,0.23/105）and rabies（6cases,0.03/105）,respectively accounting for 79.25% and 11.32%.The average annual incidence rate of category B notifiable infectious diseases was 148.09/105,0.29/105 of mortality rate.In Longgang district,the top 5diseases were syphilis（36.67/105）,viral hepatitis（31.74/105）,gonorrhea（30.91/105）,tuberculosis（21.55/105）and bacillary dysentery（11.01/105）.The main category B notifiable infectious diseases were the blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases,accounting for 63.69% of the total of category B notifiable infectious diseases. Conclusion The incidence of category B notifiable infectious diseases is rising year by year,the blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases and respiratory diseases are the focuses for control and prevention.