新会区2010～2015年吸毒人群哨点监测结果分析

Result analysis of sentinel surveillance among drug addicts in Xinhui District from 2010 to 2015

目的分析新会区吸毒人群艾滋病病毒（HIV）哨点监测中不同类型毒品吸毒者的血清学检测和行为学监测结果及变化趋势。方法采用国家艾滋病哨点监测方案,对2010-2015年新会区吸毒人员进行问卷调查和血清学调查。结果纳入分析的吸毒者共2295名,传统毒品吸食者占63.27%,吸食新型毒品者的比例由2010年的24.43%上升至2015年的52.14%。全部吸毒者的梅毒和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）阳性率呈现下降趋势（P〈0.01）。传统毒品吸食者的HIV阳性率为3.17%,高于新型毒品吸食者的1.07%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。传统毒品吸食者的HCV阳性率为74.59%,高于新型毒品吸食者的28.59%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。不同类型毒品吸毒者注射过毒品比例、最近1年与商业性伴有性行为比例、HIV相关知识知晓比例、最近1年接受过任何一种预防HIV相关服务比例、全部吸毒者中和传统毒品吸毒者中最近1个月有过性行为比例的历年变化趋势比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。此外,传统毒品吸毒者中,注射过毒品的比例、最近1年接受过任何一种预防HIV相关服务的比例均高于新型毒品吸食者,最近一个月有过性行为的比例、最近1年与商业性伴发生性行为时坚持每次使用安全套的比例均低于新型毒品吸食者,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论新会区吸毒人群HIV感染率较低,但新型毒品吸食者的比例逐年上升,且更多存在于年轻人。应大力开展广泛而深入的禁毒活动,加强娱乐场所监管,关注校内外青年不同需求的禁毒知识和性教育等。同时,应加强对吸毒人群安全性行为的干预,避免二代传播发生。

Objective To analyze the results and change trends of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） sentinel surveillance among drug addicts in Xinhui District,including the serological detection and behavior monitoring for drug addicts taking different types of drugs. Methods The National AIDS sentinel surveillance program was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey and serological investigation of drug addicts in Xinhui District from 2010 to 2015. Results Among2295 drug addicts involved in the investigation,the drug addicts who were addicted to traditional drugs accounted for63.27%,the proportion of new drug addicts increased from 24.43% in 2010 to 52.14% in 2015.The positive rates of syphilis and hepatitis C virus（HCV） were decreased in all the drug addicts（P〈0.01）.The HIV positive rate of traditional drug addicts was 3.17%,which was higher than 1.07% of new drug addicts,with significant difference（P〈0.01）.The positive rate of HCV in the traditional drug addicts was 74.59%,which was higher than 28.59% of the new drug addicts,with significant difference（P〈0.01）.The proportion of drugs injected by different types of drug addicts,the proportion of sexual behavior with commercial sexual partners in recent one year and awareness of HIV-related knowledge,receipt of any HIV-related prevention service in recent one year as well as the proportion of having sexual behavior in recent one month among all the drug addicts were statistically significant between the differences of their annual change trend.In addition,the proportion of injected drugs and received a HIV prevention service last year of the traditional drug addicts was higher than that of new drug addicts,the proportion of sexual behavior in the last 1 month and the proportion of condom use in the last 1 years with commercial sex partners of the traditional drug addicts was lower than that of new drug addicts,with significant difference（P〈0.01）. Conclusion The HIV infection rate of drug addicts in Xinhui District is relatively low,but the new drug addict ratio increase year by year,especially in young people.Anti-drug activities should be vigorously carried out and the supervision of entertainment places should be strengthened.More attention should be given to the different needs of young people in the anti-drug knowledge and sex education,etc..At the same time,the intervention of safe sexual behavior for drug addicts should be strengthened so as to avoid the occurrence of secondary transmission.