景德镇紫砂与宜兴紫砂的组成、结构及工艺性能对比研究

Comparative Study on Composition, Structure and Process performance of Jingdezhen Zisha with Yixing Zisha

采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、XRD、FE-SEM等测试手段对景德镇紫砂矿多个矿样的化学组成、矿物组成和微观结构进行了表征,详细考察了其多项工艺性能指标,并将其与文献报道的宜兴紫砂矿进行了系统对比分析,还对其制得的紫砂器皿进行了抗热震性能及铅、镉溶出量检测。结果表明:两者的化学组成稍有差别,景德镇紫砂Al_2O_3含量稍低,SiO_2及熔剂原料含量则稍高,Fe_2O_3含量差别不大;两者的矿物组成差别较大,景德镇紫砂的粘土矿物主要为伊利石,含部分高岭石,而宜兴紫砂则主要为云母(或白云母)和高岭石,但经高温烧成后两者的物相组成却非常相似,均只有石英和莫来石两种物相;景德镇紫砂矿泥的可塑性稍差,但干燥性能及烧成性能差别不大;景德镇紫砂制成紫砂器皿后,其抗热震性、铅镉溶出量完全达到紫砂陶器国家标准(GB/10816-2008)。

The chemical compositions, mineral compositions and microstructures of Jingdezhen Zisha were characterized by XRF, XRD and FE-SEM. And series of process performance indexes of these minerals were investigated in detail. The above tested results were comparatively analyzed with the performance of the literature reports of Yixing Zisha. At the same time, thermal shock resistance and the dissolubility of lead, cadmium of Jingdezhen Zisha ware were detected. The results showed that there was a slight difference of chemical composition between these two materials. The Al2O3 content of Jingdezhen Zisha was slightly lower than that of Yixing Zisha, while its SiO2 and flux material content was a little higher than Yixing Zisha, and their Fe2O3 content had no significant difference. The difference in their mineral composition was large. The main mineral component of Jingdezhen Zisha was illite and contained only some of kaolinite, while the main mineral component of Yixing Zisha was mica（muscovite） and kaolinite. However, their phase compositions were very similar after high temperature firing, and both of them were formed by only quartz and mullite. Furthermore, with Yixing Zisha in comparison, plasticity of Jingdezhen Zisha was slightly less, and they had no significant difference in drying property and sintering characteristic. As well as, their thermal shock resistance, lead cadmium dissolution amount reached completely Zisha pottery national standard（GB/10816-2008）, after Jingdezhen Zisha vessels were made with Jingdezhen Zisha.