北京地区桔小实蝇的发生规律及防治措施研究

Occurrences and Control of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel in Beijing

随着南方水果调运北方,桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis以幼虫或蛹传入北京。在房山区,采取田间调查与室内观察相结合的方式对桔小实蝇的生物学特性进行了研究,对7种药剂防治冬枣园桔小实蝇的效果进行了田间试验,还观察了果实套袋等其他防治措施的防治效果。结果表明,桔小实蝇在北京地区一年发生4代,世代重叠,全年成虫发生高峰期在8月底9月初;以蛹在0~3cm土层及落果中越冬,但不能安全越冬。第1代成虫羽化高峰期6月上旬为化学防治关键期,推荐使用1%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂2 500倍液和1.8%阿维菌素乳油4 000倍液进行树冠喷雾防治。采用诱捕器诱杀雄虫、果实套袋和捡拾落果等防治措施均有利于该虫的防治。

Since transportation of fruits from the south of China to north of China, Bactrocera Bac- trocera was introduced into Beijing in the form of larvae or phpae. Biological characteristics of Bac- trocera Bactrocera, effects of 7 pesticides and fruit bagging on control of Bactrocera Bactrocera in Ziziphus jujuba cv. Dongzao orchards were conducted by field investigation and indoor observa- tion. Results showed that Bactrocera dorsalis had 4 generations per year with overlapped genera- tions in Beijing. The adults occurred from May to November in which the peak period is at end of August. Bactrocera dorsalis overwinters at pupae stage in 0~3 cm deep soil and dropped fruits, but could not safely overwinter. We recommended that the important time to control the Bactrocera dorsalis is at the peak of eclosion period, with the approaches of chemical application with 2 500 times ME of 1% emamectin benzoate and 4 000 times EC of 1.8%abamectin, trap and kill the male insects, fruit bagging, remove of dropped fruit and other preventive measures.