基于电池租赁模式的电动汽车换电站电池容量优化

Battery Capacity Optimization of Electric Vehicle Battery Swapping Station Based on Leasing Mode

深入分析了电动汽车换电站运行特性,建立了换电站电池状态转移模型;针对电动汽车日耗量特性,建立了电动汽车换电需求模型,并采用基于Kantorovich距离的场景削减技术对换电需求场景进行有效削减。在此基础上,以换电站电池投资等年值、电池年运行维护成本及换电站充放电费用最小化为目标,综合考虑换电站充放电能力、电动汽车换电需求等约束,建立了基于分时电价机制的换电站电池容量优化模型。利用某换电站进行算例仿真,并分析了电池投资价格、电价峰谷差对容量优化配置的影响。结果表明,降低电池价格或增大电价峰谷差,均使得换电站电池最优配置容量增加。

After analyzing operation characteristics of battery swapping station（BSS） for electric vehicles（EVs）, a battery state transition model in BSS is proposed. EV swapping demand model is presented based on EV daily consumption profile. The scenario reduction algorithm based on Kantorovich distance is used to reduce EV swapping demand scenarios. On this basis, a battery capacity optimization model in BSS under time-of-use pricing, takingthe relevant constraints of charging/discharging ability and EV swapping demand into account, is developed to minimizethe investment cost, maintenance cost and charging/discharging cost of batteries.A case study of certain BSS is carried out, and influences of battery price and electricity price difference between peak and valley on optimization results are analyzed. Results show that battery capacity configuration will increasewith battery price decrease and electricity price difference increase between peak and valley.