流动人口对地方政府基础教育公共财政支出的影响研究——基于2010-2014年福建省58个县市数据分析

Impact of Migration Population on Local Public Fiscal Expenditure on Basic Education——Panel data Analysis Based on 58 Cities and Counties in Fujian Province

对福建省58个县市2010-2014年的面板数据进行回归分析发现,地方教育财政支出会受到流动人口、地方经济发展、转移支付等因素影响;人口流动会对人口流入地县市产生教育资源挤占效应,地方政府基础教育财政支出存在自利性动机,为了实现本地利益最大化,会对流动人口子女在本地入学设置相关门槛。这表明,在发展地方经济、加大转移支付的同时,需要对源户籍制度进行改革,对附着于户籍的福利待遇作彻底的剥离,接纳农民工子女进入本地公立学校,以实现中央"两为主"之政策目标。

Using a dataset covering 58 cities and counties in Fujian province during 2010 - 2014 and based on panel data regression＇ analysis, this paper shows that the migration population, local economic development and the intergovernmental transfers will have impact on the local fiscal expenditure on education. Population migration will produce crowding effect of educational resources in the migrant-importing counties and cities . The local governments is selfish and in order to maximize the local benefits. It will set the relevant threshold of children of migration population in local school. These findings suggest that, if China＇s public education is to remain a fair world, it is necessary not only to foster the development of the local economy, increase transfer payments and implement the policy of compulsory education funds going with the school system, but also to reform the Hukou system and thoroughly peel off the benefits attached to the it, and help children of migrant workers enter into the local public school.