晚清实业教育思潮述论

The Trend of Industrial Education in the Late Qing Dynasty

职业教育并不是一开始便是现代意义的,它经历了一个从名称到意义的转换和扩展的实现过程。中国古代无职业教育的称谓,晚清将该种类型的教育名之曰实业教育。近代西方船坚炮利的威胁与太平天国革命运动使洋务派认识到军事技术和机器制造的重要性,有了学习西方技术的要求和动力,出现了学"西艺"的热潮,促成实业教育思潮的产生。经由早期资产阶级改良派、维新运动中的维新派和清末"新政"时期新教育运动演绎、发展,实业教育思潮达到高潮,并对晚清相应历史阶段的实业教育实践和实业教育制度建立有直接的促进作用。

Initially,vocational education is not of the modern significance,and it experienced the implementation process of the transformation and expansion from a name to the significance.In ancient China there was no the name of vocational education.In the late Qing Dynasty these types of education were called industrial education.The threat of modern western firepower and the revolution movement of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom let the advocators of the Westernization Movement recognize the importance of military technology and machine manufacturing,who had the need and motivation to learn western technology.And there emerged the wave of learning the ＂ western art＂,which promoted industrial education thoughts through early bourgeois reformists,the reformers of the reform movement,and the evolution and development of new education movement in the ＂ New Deal＂ period to the climax;directly promoted the establishment of the industrial education practice and industrial education system in the corresponding historical stage of the late Qing Dynasty.