供给侧结构性改革:动因、内容与次序

Supply Side Structural Reform:Motivation,Contents and Order

供给侧结构性改革是适应和引领经济发展新常态的必由之路。自2008年国际金融危机以来,我国经济增长的要素供给条件逐渐发生转折性变化,突出表现为资本产出率、人口增量和全要素生产率"三降",不断削弱经济中长期可持续发展的基础,倒逼改革重构经济增长动力。围绕正确处理政府与市场关系、完善市场体制机制、提升要素配置效率,供给侧结构性改革应包括金融、财税、价格、国企、土地、社保、科教、投资等关键领域改革。在区分改革对宏观经济影响的基础上,当前应优先推出有利于稳增长的结构性改革措施,其后是短期虽有紧缩效应但有利于中长期经济增长的改革措施,最后推进涉及面广、复杂敏感的改革,充分解放和发展我国社会生产力,推动经济增长保持中高速、迈向中高端。

Supply side structural reform is the only way to adapt to and lead the new normality of economic development.From the international financial crisis in 2008,China＇s factor supply conditions of economic growth change fundamentally gradually,the capital-output ratio,population and total factor productivity decrease,which constantly weaken the basis of long-term economic sustainable development,and push reforms to restructure economic momentum.On dealing with the relationship between government and market,perfecting the market system,improving resource distribution efficiency,the supply side structural reform should include key areas such as finance,taxation,price,state-owned enterprises,land,social security,science and education,and investment.On the basis of distinguishing the reform＇s macro-economic impact,structural reforms which are conducive to the steady growth should be launched preferentially,followed by those reforms which have short-term tightening effects but long-term expansion effects,finally promote the complicated and sensitive reforms,in order to fully liberate and develop productive forces,and promote economic growth in medium and high speed.