某市学前儿童行为问题及其危险因素研究

A Study on Behavioral Problems and Their Risk Factors of Preschool Children in a City

目的 探讨学前儿童行为问题的构成及其危险因素。方法 应用Achenbach儿童行为量表 (CBCL) ,调查某市 5所幼儿园 4～6岁儿童 594名 ,同时对家长进行问卷调查。以行为各因子超出相应因子 98百分位数判为有行为问题。结果 行为问题检出率为1 4 .31 %。男女差异无显著性。单因素分析发现 ,对学前儿童行为问题有影响的因素有孕初期父亲饮酒、父亲职业、儿童躯体疾病、母亲怀孕年龄、父母婚姻状况、教育方式不良、新生儿状况、母亲孕期服药以及父亲文化程度。多元逐步回归分析发现 ,母孕初期父亲饮酒、教育方式不良以及儿童躯体疾病是学前儿童行为问题危险因素 ,父亲文化程度及其年龄则是保护因素。

Objective To investigate the main risk factors of behavioral problems of preschool children.Methods Fire hundred and ninty-four children aged 4-6 years in 5 kindergartens and their parents were surveyed with Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL) and questionnaire respectively.The child was regarded having behavioral problems if the score of each part is above 98 percent.Results The main risk factors contributing to preschool children's behavioral problems were father's drinking at the earlier stage of pregnancy,ill educational pattern and children's physical disease while father's education and his age are sheltered factors.Conclusions The behavioral problems of preschool children are caused by multiple factors.