新型扩散焊紧凑式换热器

New Type of Diffusion Bonding Compact Heat Exchangers

相比高通量管壳式换热器、板(翅)式换热器,扩散焊紧凑式换热器是新一代高效换热器,其在高温高压等苛刻条件下表现出良好的综合性能,是实现节能和安全和谐统一的标志性换热器。从换热器的特点、分类、材料、力学性能、传热与流动设计、机械设计和应用等方面,系统地介绍了国外扩散焊紧凑式换热器最新研究成果。扩散焊接头的高温蠕变试验表明,其总塑性应变明显高于供货态母材和普通焊接接头;扩散焊接头具有良好的延展性和耐高温性能。基于氦气-水和氦气-氦气的试验系统,研究得出了不同流动通道参数下的传热因子和阻力因子的准则方程。还介绍了基于ASME Code对扩散焊紧凑式换热器简化结构的机械设计方法。目前,扩散焊紧凑式换热器广泛应用于海洋平台油气处理、天然气浮式气化装置、浮式天然气液化装置等海洋工程领域,并且在新一代核反应堆换热技术中呈现出潜在的应用前景。

Compared to high-flux shell tube heat exchanger and plate（ or plate-fin） heat exchanger,diffusion bonding compac heat exchanger is a new generation of high effective heat exchanger. Depending on good comprehensive properties in harsh conditions with high temperature and pressure,it is the landmark heat exchanger with harmony and unity in energy economization and safety. This paper presents systematically the latest research results of foreign diffusion bonding compact heat exchanger in various aspects,including characteristics,classification,materials,mechanical properties,thermal-hydraulic design,mechanical design and application. High temperature creep test of diffusion bonding joints shows that the total plastic strain for bonded plate is significantly higher than for the as-received and welded plates; Diffusion bonding material has good ductility and high temperature performance. Based on the study of He-water and He-He test loops,correlations of heat transfer factor and resistance factor are summarized with various parameters of the flow channel. Meanwhile,the mechanical design method of simplified structure of diffusion bonding compact heat exchanger based on ASME Code is described. Currently,diffusion bonding compact heat exchangers are widely used in the marine engineering,such as oil and gas processing system of offshore platforms,FSRU and FLNG,etc. In addition,they exhibit potential applications in the heat transfer of the next-generation nuclear reactor.