荆州环城公园园林植物分布及配置模式分析

Analysis on the Distribution of Landscape Plants and Their Allocation Patterns of Round Town Park in Jingzhou City

对荆州环城公园园林植物分布情况进行实地调查分析。结果表明,荆州环城公园的园林植物现有50余科70余属100余种。古城墙上分布有300种左右的野生植物,内坡园林绿化植物则以构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)、香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)、湖北枫杨(Pterocarya hupehensis)、女贞(Ligustrum lucidum)、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)为主,外环园林绿化植物主要集中在樟科(Lauraceae)、杨柳科(Salicaceae)、蔷薇科(Rosaceae)、豆科(Leguminosae)、杉科(Taxodiaceae)、木犀科(Oleaceae)、黄杨科(Buxaceae)等;公园绿地植物多以乔木和灌木为主,草本层和地被植物的分布范围较小,致使城墙垂直立面野草丛生及土地表面长期裸露;乔灌草结构分布范围最广(占70%);内环绿地和护城河植物种类和数量较少,物种丰富度也较低。建议在荆州环城公园绿地建设中应注重加强乡土植物和野生观赏植物的栽植,创建稳定多样的植物群落结构,从而营造人与自然和谐统一的生态园林景观。

The distributive status of garden plants in Jingzhou round-town park is investigated and assessed.The results show that its landscape plants have more than 50 families,more than 70 genera,over 100 species.There are about 300 species of wild plants distributed in the ancient city wall,the main greening plants in the inner slope are Broussonetia papyrifera,Cinnamomum camphora,Pterocarya hupehensis,Ligustrum lucidum,Robinia pseudoacacia,the species in the outer ring are mainly concentrated in Lauraceae,Salicaceae,Rosaceae,Leguminosae,Taxodiaceae,Oleaceae,Buxaceae families etc.Most of landscape plants are mainly trees and shrubs,the herb layer and the ground cover are smaller in distribution,result in vertical facade of wall has run weeds and land surface exposed for a long time.The plantation structure of tree+shrub+herb application scope is the broadest,the pattern accounts for 70% of total distributive area,the species and quantity in the inner ring and the moat are less,species richness is low.In addition,water pollution is more serious,this problem urgently needs to be managed and maintained.The analyses show that its landscape plant distribution in the future should focus on plant diversity principle,strengthen the planting of native plants and wild plants to build the stable diversity of plant community structure and create an ecological landscape with the harmony of man and nature.